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The layers of the Earth, a differentiated planetary body. In planetary science, planetary differentiation is the process by which the chemical elements of a planetary body accumulate in different areas of that body, due to their physical or chemical behavior (e.g. density and chemical affinities).
The diagram shows the iron abundance, [Fe/H], on the x-axis and the abundance of alpha process elements, [α/Fe], on the y-axis. The data from Wallerstein (1962) is shown as red circles on top of the 2020 public data from the large scale stellar spectroscopic surveys APOGEE (DR16) and GALAH (DR3).
Infographic showing the theorized origin of the chemical elements that make up the human body. Astrochemistry is the study of the abundance and reactions of molecules in the universe, and their interaction with radiation. [1] The discipline is an overlap of astronomy and chemistry.
Practical Astronomy with your Calculator, Peter Duffett-Smith. Cambridge University Press; 3rd edition 1988. Advanced/graduate level: Numerical Methods in Astrophysics: An Introduction (Series in Astronomy and Astrophysics): Peter Bodenheimer, Gregory P. Laughlin, Michal Rozyczka, Harold. W Yorke. Taylor & Francis, 2006.
The Kelvin–Helmholtz mechanism is an astronomical process that occurs when the surface of a star or a planet cools. The cooling causes the internal pressure to drop, and the star or planet shrinks as a result.
In astrophysics, stellar nucleosynthesis is the creation of chemical elements by nuclear fusion reactions within stars. Stellar nucleosynthesis has occurred since the original creation of hydrogen, helium and lithium during the Big Bang. As a predictive theory, it yields accurate estimates of the observed abundances of the elements.
The Cambridge Guide to Astronomical Discovery states that Practical Astronomy with your Calculator is a "must"-have book if one has no personal computer for astronomical calculations. [4] New Scientist magazine gave a favourable review of the book, although stating that there were small errors in some calculations. [5]
In chemistry, a derivative is a compound that is derived from a similar compound by a chemical reaction.. In the past, derivative also meant a compound that can be imagined to arise from another compound, if one atom or group of atoms is replaced with another atom or group of atoms, [1] but modern chemical language now uses the term structural analog for this meaning, thus eliminating ambiguity.