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Pyomyositis is mainly a disease of children and was first described by Scriba in 1885. Most patients are aged 2 to 5 years, but infection may occur in any age group. [ 6 ] [ 7 ] Infection often follows minor trauma and is more common in the tropics, where it accounts for 4% of all hospital admissions.
A child with Sotos syndrome showing characteristic facial features Sotos syndrome in the hand, showing enlargement. This syndrome is characterized by overgrowth and advanced bone age. Affected individuals have dysmorphic features, with macrodolichocephaly, downslanting palpebral fissures and a pointed chin. The facial appearance is most notable ...
Diagnosis is suspected based on symptoms and X-rays with confirmation by genetic testing. [4] Other conditions that can produce similar symptoms include mandibuloacral dysplasia, pyknodysostosis, osteogenesis imperfecta, and Hajdu-Cheney syndrome. [5] Treatment includes supportive measures such as a device to protect the skull and dental care. [5]
X-rays of the head and hand in pycnodysostosis, showing open fontanelle and shortened distal phalanges Pycnodysostosis causes the bones to be abnormally dense; the last bones of the fingers (the distal phalanges ) to be unusually short; and delays the normal closure of the connections ( sutures ) of the skull bones in infancy, so that the "soft ...
Prevention is typically by avoiding the use of aspirin in children. [1] When aspirin was withdrawn for use in children in the US and UK in the 1980s, a decrease of more than 90% in rates of Reye syndrome was observed. [2] Early diagnosis of the syndrome improves outcomes. [1] Treatment is supportive; [1] mannitol may be used to help with the ...
The disease is not fatal; however, some associated complications can lead to death. Complications may include paralysis, dysphagia (difficulty swallowing), and lung infections. Although DISH manifests in a similar manner to ankylosing spondylitis, they are separate diseases. Ankylosing spondylitis is a genetic disease with identifiable marks ...
Signs and symptoms are also applied to physiological states outside the context of disease, as for example when referring to the signs and symptoms of pregnancy, or the symptoms of dehydration. Sometimes a disease may be present without showing any signs or symptoms when it is known as being asymptomatic. [13]
The most common cause of compartment syndrome in children is traumatic injury [77]. In children <10 years of age, the cause is usually vascular injury or infection [78]. In children >14 years of age, the cause is usually due to trauma or surgical positioning [79]. Treatment for compartment syndrome in children is the same as adults [72].