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  2. Dehydration - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dehydration

    Most people can tolerate a 3-4% decrease in total body water without difficulty or adverse health effects. A 5-8% decrease can cause fatigue and dizziness. Loss of over 10% of total body water can cause physical and mental deterioration, accompanied by severe thirst. Death occurs with a 15 and 25% loss of body water. [4]

  3. Cold shock response - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cold_shock_response

    The cold water can cause heart attack due to severe vasoconstriction, [2] where the heart has to work harder to pump the same volume of blood throughout the arteries. For people with pre-existing cardiovascular disease , the additional workload can result in myocardial infarction and/or acute heart failure , which ultimately may lead to a ...

  4. Water intoxication - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Water_intoxication

    In addition, water cure, a method of torture in which the victim is forced to consume excessive amounts of water, can cause water intoxication. [1] Water, like any other substance, can be considered a poison when over-consumed in a brief period. Water intoxication mostly occurs when water is being consumed in a high quantity provoking ...

  5. Water damage - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Water_damage

    A tiny, 1/8-inch crack in a pipe can release up to 250 gallons of water a day. [3] According to Claims Magazine in August 2000, broken water pipes ranked second to hurricanes in terms of both the number of homes damaged and the amount of claims (on average $50,000 per insurance claim [citation needed]) costs in the US. [4]

  6. Electrolyte imbalance - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electrolyte_imbalance

    Electrolyte imbalance, or water-electrolyte imbalance, is an abnormality in the concentration of electrolytes in the body. Electrolytes play a vital role in maintaining homeostasis in the body. They help to regulate heart and neurological function, fluid balance , oxygen delivery , acid–base balance and much more.

  7. Red blood cell - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Red_blood_cell

    Red blood cells (RBCs), referred to as erythrocytes (from Ancient Greek erythros 'red' and kytos 'hollow vessel', with -cyte translated as 'cell' in modern usage) in academia and medical publishing, also known as red cells, [1] erythroid cells, and rarely haematids, are the most common type of blood cell and the vertebrate's principal means of delivering oxygen (O 2) to the body tissues—via ...

  8. Drowning - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Drowning

    Heat transfers very well into water, and body heat is therefore lost quickly in water compared to air, [48] even in 'cool' swimming waters around 70 °F (~20 °C). [44] A water temperature of 10 °C (50 °F) can lead to death in as little as one hour, and water temperatures hovering at freezing can lead to death in as little as 15 minutes. [44]

  9. Cell damage - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cell_damage

    The most notable components of the cell that are targets of cell damage are the DNA and the cell membrane.. DNA damage: In human cells, both normal metabolic activities and environmental factors such as ultraviolet light and other radiations can cause DNA damage, resulting in as many as one million individual molecular lesions per cell per day.