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Hoffmann's reflex (Hoffmann's sign, sometimes simply Hoffmann's, or finger flexor reflex) [1] is a neurological examination finding elicited by a reflex test which can help verify the presence or absence of issues arising from the corticospinal tract. It is named after neurologist Johann Hoffmann. [2]
The M-wave does the opposite of the H-wave. As the stimulus increases the M-wave increases. There is a point of minimal stimulus where the M-wave is absent and the H-wave is maximal. H-reflex is analogous to the mechanically induced spinal stretch reflex (for example, knee jerk reflex). "The primary difference between the H-reflex and the ...
It can be detected through the use of a reflex hammer and is the opposite of hyperreflexia. [ citation needed ] Hyporeflexia is generally associated with a deficit in the lower motor neurons (at the alpha motor neurons from the spinal cord to a muscle), whereas hyperreflexia is often attributed to lesions in the upper motor neurons (along the ...
F-waves are the second of two late voltage changes observed after stimulation is applied to the skin surface above the distal region of a nerve, in addition to the H-reflex (Hoffman's Reflex) which is a muscle reaction in response to electrical stimulation of innervating sensory fibers.
Physiological absent response can be due to obesity, frailty, or muscle laxity after multiple pregnancies or abdominal surgery. [1] It is not unusual for this reflex to be absent in children. [2] If the reflex is absent, or especially if it is asymmetric, it can indicate a neurological problem somewhere above the lower thoracic spine. [1]
In neurology, Lhermitte phenomenon, also called the barber chair phenomenon, is an uncomfortable "electrical" sensation that runs down the back and into the limbs.The sensation can feel like it goes up or down the spine.
Focal neurologic signs, also known as focal neurological deficits or focal CNS signs, are impairments of nerve, spinal cord, or brain function that affects a specific region of the body, e.g. weakness in the left arm, the right leg, paresis, or plegia.
Hoffmann syndrome is a rare form of hypothyroid myopathy and is not to be confused with Werdnig-Hoffmann disease (a type of spinal muscular atrophy). It was first documented in 1897 by Johann Hoffmann. [1] It has adult-onset symptoms and is comparable to the childhood-onset Kocher–Debré–Semelaigne syndrome.