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Glycerol (/ ˈ ɡ l ɪ s ə r ɒ l /) [6] is a simple triol compound. It is a colorless, odorless, viscous liquid that is sweet-tasting and non-toxic. The glycerol backbone is found in lipids known as glycerides. It is also widely used as a sweetener in the food industry and as a humectant in pharmaceutical formulations.
They include higher alkanes and lipids, typically with melting points above about 40 °C (104 °F), melting to give low viscosity liquids. Waxes are insoluble in water but soluble in nonpolar organic solvents such as hexane, benzene and chloroform. Natural waxes of different types are produced by plants and animals and occur in petroleum.
Consequently, if a liquid has dynamic viscosity of n centiPoise, and its density is not too different from that of water, then its kinematic viscosity is around n centiStokes. For gas, the dynamic viscosity is usually in the range of 10 to 20 microPascal-seconds, or 0.01 to 0.02 centiPoise. The density is usually on the order of 0.5 to 5 kg/m^3.
Mānuka honey is an example of a thixotropic material.. Thixotropy is a time-dependent shear thinning property. Certain gels or fluids that are thick or viscous under static conditions will flow (become thinner, less viscous) over time when shaken, agitated, shear-stressed, or otherwise stressed (time-dependent viscosity).
Viscosity is a measure of a fluid's rate-dependent resistance to a change in shape or to movement of its neighboring portions relative to one another. [1] For liquids, it corresponds to the informal concept of thickness; for example, syrup has a higher viscosity than water. [2]
The value of η ∞ represents the lowest viscosity attainable and may be orders of magnitude lower than η 0, depending on the degree of shear thinning. Viscosity is plotted against shear rate in a log(η) vs. log( γ ˙ {\displaystyle {\dot {\gamma }}} ) plot, where the linear region is the shear-thinning regime and can be expressed using the ...
In condensed matter physics and physical chemistry, the terms viscous liquid, supercooled liquid, and glass forming liquid are often used interchangeably to designate liquids that are at the same time highly viscous (see Viscosity of amorphous materials), can be or are supercooled, and able to form a glass.
At low temperatures, the lipids are laterally ordered and organized in the membrane, and the lipid chains are mostly in the all-trans configuration and pack well together. The melting temperature T m {\displaystyle T_{m}} of a membrane is defined as the temperature across which the membrane transitions from a crystal-like to a fluid-like ...