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  2. Bronchoscopy - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bronchoscopy

    Massive hemoptysis, defined as loss of over 600 mL of blood in 24 hours, is a medical emergency and should be addressed with initiation of intravenous fluids and examination with rigid bronchoscopy. The larger lumen of the rigid bronchoscope (versus the narrow lumen of the flexible bronchoscope) allows for therapeutic approaches such as ...

  3. Respiratory examination - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Respiratory_examination

    Stridor a high-pitched musical breath sound resulting from turbulent air flow in the larynx or lower in the bronchial tree. [23] It is not to be confused with stertor . Causes are typically obstructive, including foreign bodies, croup , epiglottitis , tumours, infection and anaphylaxis .

  4. Bronchoalveolar lavage - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bronchoalveolar_lavage

    Bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL), also known as bronchoalveolar washing, is a diagnostic method of the lower respiratory system in which a bronchoscope is passed through the mouth or nose into an appropriate airway in the lungs, with a measured amount of fluid introduced and then collected for examination.

  5. List of optometric abbreviations - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_optometric...

    Visual acuity with Near chart without correctors Visual acuity with eye chart at Near 15.7 inches (400 mm) and without (sc: Latin sine correctore) correctors (spectacles); Ncc is with (cc: Latin cum correctore) correctors. See Visual_acuity#Legal_definitions: VA OS Left visual acuity VA OD Right visual acuity VDU Visual display unit VF Visual field

  6. Endoscope - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Endoscope

    If internal visual inspection of pipes, boilers, cylinders, motors, reactors, heat exchangers, turbines, and other products with narrow, inaccessible cavities and/or channels is to be performed, then the endoscope is an important, if not an indispensable instrument. [32] In such applications they are commonly known as borescopes.

  7. Bronchography - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bronchography

    This medical diagnostic article is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.

  8. Air bronchogram - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Air_bronchogram

    A compressed and narrowed bronchus is defined as “Type 3”, and can occur in both benign and malignant nodules. Narrowing of the proximal bronchial tree is described as “type 4” and is associated with malignancy. “Type 5” is a bronchus compressed and flattened by the nodule with intact smooth wall.

  9. Acute bronchitis - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Acute_bronchitis

    Acute bronchitis, also known as a chest cold, is short-term bronchitis – inflammation of the bronchi (large and medium-sized airways) of the lungs. [2] [1] The most common symptom is a cough. [1] Other symptoms include coughing up mucus, wheezing, shortness of breath, fever, and chest discomfort. [2] The infection may last from a few to ten ...