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Dattilam discusses scales , the base note (sthana), and defines a tonal framework called grama in terms of 22 micro-tonal intervals (sruti) comprising one octave. It also discusses various arrangements of the notes ( murchhana ), the permutations and combinations of note-sequences ( tanas ), and alankara or elaboration.
Its tonal system divides the octave into 22 segments called Shrutis, not all equal but each roughly equal to a quarter of a whole tone of the Western music. Both the classical music are standing on the fundamentals of The seven notes of Indian Classical music. These seven notes are also called as Sapta svara or Sapta Sur.
Vedic music has madhyama or ma as principal note so that tonal movement is possible towards lower and higher pitches, thus ma is taken for granted as fixed in any tonal music (madhyama avilopi, मध्यम अविलोपी). One-svara Vedic singing is called ārcika chanting, e.g. in chanting the following texts on one note:
Sargam refers to singing the notes, mostly commonly used in Indian music, instead of the words of a composition, with use of various ornamentations such as meend, gamak, kan and khatka, as part of a khyal performance. This is generally done in medium-tempo as a bridge between the alap and taan portions.
Sargam (from SA-RE-GA-MA), a technique for the teaching of sight-singing, is the Hindustani or North Indian equivalent to the western solfege. Sargam is practiced against a drone and the emphasis is not on the scale but on the intervals, thus it may be considered just intonation. The same notes are also used in South Indian Carnatic music.
A Carnatic concert. The shruti or śruti is the smallest interval of pitch that the human ear can detect and a singer or musical instrument can produce. [1] [2] The concept is found in ancient and medieval Sanskrit texts such as the Natya Shastra, the Dattilam, the Brihaddeshi, and the Sangita Ratnakara.
In Indian classical music, ragas are precise and well organised melodic structures which have the capability to evoke distinct moods and emotions. There are many attempts of raga creations by Harikesanallur Muthaiah Bhagavathar and many others. [17] In the 21st century, Dr. M. Balamuralikrishna has created raga in three notes. [18]
Indian classical music is the classical music of the Indian subcontinent. [1] It is generally described using terms like Shastriya Sangeet and Marg Sangeet. [2] [3] It has two major traditions: the North Indian classical music known as Hindustani and the South Indian expression known as Carnatic. [4]