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The Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS) is a 10-item questionnaire that was developed to identify women who have postpartum depression. [1] Items of the scale correspond to various clinical depression symptoms, such as guilt feeling, sleep disturbance, low energy, anhedonia, and suicidal ideation. Overall assessment is done by total ...
Children's Depression Inventory (CDI) Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS) Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS) Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression (HAM-D) Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) Kutcher Adolescent Depression Scale (KADS) Major Depression Inventory (MDI) [8] [9] Montgomery-Åsberg Depression Rating Scale (MADRS)
Another tool, the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale, was developed for the postnatal period, but has also been validated for use during pregnancy. [24] PHQ-9 is a reliable depression severity scale that was formulated in accordance with DSM-IV criteria for depression, consisting of 9 items correlating to the 9 criteria listed in DSM-IV. [25]
After scoring high on the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale, a questionnaire used to identify PPD, and connecting with a hospital social worker, Melissa, a mother of one in Cambridge ...
Children's Depression Rating Scale (CDRS) Clinically Useful Depression Outcome Scale (CUDOS) [27]: 138 [28] Columbia Suicide Severity Rating Scale (C-SSRS) Depression and Anxiety Stress Scales (DASS) Depression Self-Rating Scale for Children; Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale; General Health Questionnaire; Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS)
It was found that lesbian and bisexual biological mothers had significantly higher Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale scores than the heterosexual women in the sample. [47] Postpartum depression is more common among lesbian women than heterosexual women, which can be attributed to lesbian women's higher depression prevalence. [69]
Postpartum depression and postpartum blues may be indistinguishable when symptoms first begin. However, symptoms of postpartum blues are less severe, resolve on their own, and last fewer than two weeks. Mothers who experience severe postpartum blues appear to be at increased risk of developing depression. [25] Postpartum psychosis
Emerging evidence suggests that postpartum depression may be just as common in these samples, but is experienced differently and is not detected by measures including the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale. Furthermore, a direct randomized control trial found no effect of supplementary omega-3 fatty acids in women with postpartum depression. [23]