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Dinoflagellates with a dinokaryon are classified under Dinokaryota, while dinoflagellates without a dinokaryon are classified under Syndiniales. Although classified as eukaryotes , the dinoflagellate nuclei are not characteristically eukaryotic, as some of them lack histones and nucleosomes , and maintain continually condensed chromosomes ...
The dinoflagellete type of luciferin used in this reaction is one of the four common types of luciferin found in the marine environment, [11] and the genome of P. fusiformis contains shared common origin with other dinoflagellates that contain the luciferase enzyme. [5] In the laboratory, two different types bioluminescent flashes have been ...
Amphidinium is a genus of dinoflagellates. The type for the genus is Amphidinium operculatum Claparède & Lachmann. The genus includes the species Amphidinium carterae which is used as a model organism. [1] As dinoflagellates, Amphidinium spp. have chloroplasts. The Amphidinium chloroplast genome is unusual in not having a single contiguous ...
Dinokaryota is a main grouping of dinoflagellates. They include all species where the nucleus remains a dinokaryon throughout the entire cell cycle, which is typically dominated by the haploid stage. All the "typical" dinoflagellates, such as Peridinium and Gymnodinium, belong here.
Symbiodinium is a genus of dinoflagellates that encompasses the largest and most prevalent group of endosymbiotic dinoflagellates known and have photosymbiotic relationships with many species. These unicellular microalgae commonly reside in the endoderm of tropical cnidarians such as corals , sea anemones , and jellyfish , where the products of ...
Mixotrophic dinoflagellates have the ability to thrive in changing ocean environments, resulting in shifts in red tide phenomenon and paralytic shellfish poisoning. [6] It is unknown as to how many species of dinoflagellates have mixotrophic capabilities, as this is a relatively new feeding-mechanism discovery.
The cell body can be divided into an episome and a hyposome like other dinoflagellates. [6] Two dissimilar flagella that are involved in locomotion are present in the cingulum and sulcus. [ 6 ] The cytoplasm contains many yellow-green chloroplasts. [ 7 ]
Alexandrium is a genus of dinoflagellates. It contains some of the dinoflagellate species most harmful to humans, because it produces toxic harmful algal blooms (HAB) that cause paralytic shellfish poisoning (PSP) in humans.