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The Ayutthaya Kingdom (red) and the Northern Cities (blue) in the 14th century Intersecting mandalas circa 1360: from north to south: Lan Xang, Lanna, Northern Cities, Ayutthaya, Angkor and Champa Ayutthaya is shown in the Fra Mauro map of the world (c. 1450) under the name "Scierno", derived from the Persian "Shahr-I-Naw", meaning 'New City' [78]
2nd king of Ayutthaya 1st: r. 1369–1370 2nd: 1388–1395: Lavo dynasty of Ayutthaya: Maha Thammaracha II King of Sukhothai r. 1368–1399: Daughter of Loe Thai (Sukhothai Kingdom) Pho Ngua [16] 3rd king of Ayutthaya Ex-ruler of Suphannabhum r. 1370–1388: Unknown Princess: Phra Ruang dynasty of Sukhothai: Suphannabhum dynasty of Ayutthaya
The subject is divided into different categories, and specific topics on government and religion are discussed at the end, and has compiled the memoirs about Ayutthaya that to him has brought to be appended at the end, and for readers to get to know the people of Siam clearly he therefore brought together knowledge about India and China in many ...
King U-thong [2] [a] [3] (Thai: พระเจ้าอู่ทอง; pronounced [ʔùː.tʰɔ̄ːŋ]) or King Ramathibodi I (Thai: สมเด็จพระรามาธิบดีที่ ๑; Rāmādhipatī; pronunciation ⓘ, 1314–1369) was the first king of the kingdom Ayutthaya (now part of Thailand), [4]: 222 reigning from 1351 [1] to 1369.
The concept of the mandala balances modern tendencies to look for unified political power, e.g. the power of large kingdoms and nation states of later history – an inadvertent byproduct of 15th century advances in map-making technologies. [further explanation needed] [1] [2] In the words of O. W. Wolters who further explored the idea in 1982:
The Palatine law of King Trailok dated 1468, listed Nakhon Si Thammarat as one of eight "great cities" (phraya maha nakhon) belonging to the Ayutthaya kingdom. Nevertheless, it maintained its own dynasty and had vassal states of its own, which it mediated to Ayutthaya [12] (again a typical feature of the Mandala model with its tiered levels of ...
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Chatusadom or Catustambha (Thai: จตุสดมภ์ RTGS: Chatusadom, literally "Four Pillars" from Sanskrit Catur "Four" + Stambha "Pillars") was the Thai system of central executive governance during the Ayutthaya Kingdom, Thonburi Kingdom and Rattanakosin Kingdom from 1454 to 1892.