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ODM is a vendor-neutral, platform-independent format for interchange and archive of clinical study data. The model includes the clinical data along with its associated metadata, administrative data, reference data and audit information. [8] ODM was first introduced in 1999, and the latest version, 1.3.2, was released in 2012. [9]
The Kimball lifecycle is a methodology for developing data warehouses, and has been developed by Ralph Kimball and a variety of colleagues. The methodology "covers a sequence of high level tasks for the effective design , development and deployment " of a data warehouse or business intelligence system. [ 1 ]
The ILM policy encompasses storage and information policies that guide management processes. Policies are dictated by business goals and drivers. Therefore, policies tie into a framework of overall IT governance and management; change control processes; requirements for system availability and recovery times; and service level agreements (SLAs).
However, data has staged a comeback with the popularisation of the term big data, which refers to the collection and analyses of massive sets of data. While big data is a recent phenomenon, the requirement for data to aid decision-making traces back to the early 1970s with the emergence of decision support systems (DSS).
The outer circle in the diagram symbolizes the cyclic nature of data mining itself. A data mining process continues after a solution has been deployed. The lessons learned during the process can trigger new, often more focused business questions, and subsequent data mining processes will benefit from the experiences of previous ones.
A real-life ETL cycle may consist of additional execution steps, for example: Cycle initiation; Build reference data; Extract (from sources) Validate; Transform (clean, apply business rules, check for data integrity, create aggregates or disaggregates) Stage (load into staging tables, if used) Audit reports (for example, on compliance with ...
PERA is a reference architecture that can model the enterprise in multiple layers and in multiple stages of the architectural life cycle. Initially PERA was part of the PERA methodology, which consisted of three main building blocks: [2] Purdue Enterprise Reference Architecture, Purdue Reference Model, and; Purdue implementation procedures manual
The CIPP framework was developed as a means of linking evaluation with program decision-making.It aims to provide an analytic and rational basis for program decision-making, based on a cycle of planning, structuring, implementing and reviewing and revising decisions, each examined through a different aspect of evaluation –context, input, process and product evaluation.