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Aciclovir, also known as acyclovir, [4] is an antiviral medication. [5] It is primarily used for the treatment of herpes simplex virus infections, chickenpox , and shingles . [ 6 ] Other uses include, prevention of cytomegalovirus infections following transplant, and severe complications of Epstein–Barr virus infection.
Valacyclovir is a prodrug that is converted to acyclovir once in the body. It helps relieve the pain and discomfort and speeds healing of sores. It only comes in caplets and its advantage is that it has a longer duration of action than acyclovir. [21] Famciclovir is another antiviral drug that belongs to the same class.
The use of antiviral treatments, such as aciclovir, given from the 36th week of pregnancy, limits HSV recurrence and shedding during childbirth, thereby reducing the need for caesarean section. [16] Aciclovir is the recommended antiviral for herpes suppressive therapy during the last months of pregnancy.
The recommended dosage for suppression therapy for recurrent outbreaks is 1,000 mg of valacyclovir once a day or 400 mg Acyclovir taken twice a day. In addition to preventing outbreaks, these medications greatly reduce the chance of infecting someone while the patient is not having an outbreak. [citation needed]
Amprenavir pro-drug: 2003 (FDA), 2004 Foscarnet: Herpes: Pyrophosphate analogue DNA polymerase inhibitor: 1991 Ganciclovir (Cytovene) [9] Cytomegalovirus (CMV) [10] Competitive nucleoside analogue dGTP inhibitor 1988 Ibacitabine: Herpes labialis: Ibalizumab (Trogarzo) [11] HIV Entry inhibitor 2018 Idoxuridine: Herpes: dU analogue inhibitor 1962 ...
The drug inhibits replication of varicella zoster virus (VZV) – which causes herpes zoster – and herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1), but not HSV-2 which typically causes genital herpes. In vitro , inhibitory concentrations against VZV are 200- to 1000-fold lower than those of aciclovir and penciclovir , theoretically indicating a much ...
Herpesviral encephalitis can be treated with high-dose intravenous acyclovir, which should be infused 10 mg/kg(adult) over 1 hour to avoid kidney failure. Without treatment, HSE results in rapid death in approximately 70% of cases; survivors suffer severe neurological damage. [ 1 ]
The antiviral medications used include acyclovir, penciclovir, valacyclovir, and famciclovir. Only very small amounts of the drug can be detected in the fetus. There are no increases in drug-related abnormalities in the infant that could be attributed to acyclovir.