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The origin of the English word barbican is thought to be found in either Persian or Arabic (see here or here).. Paul Deschamps (1888–1974) interpreted the Arabic word 'bashura[h]' as used in 13th-century chronicles to mean barbican, a defensive structure placed ahead of a gate but this has been debunked, 'bashura' denoting rather an entire section of the outer fortifications, which may ...
Hetherington, Paul "Byzantine and Medieval Greece: Churches, Castles, and Art of the Mainland and the Peloponnese", 1991 Paradissis, Alexander "Fortresses and Castles of Greece: Southern and West Central Greece", 1996
They are composed of two lines: inner and outer, with several gates round the city. Originally raised between the 13th and 16th centuries, then rebuilt in 1950–1963, partly later. The best-preserved fragments of the fortification are those parallel to Podwale street, from the Warsaw Royal Castle to the Barbican and further to the Vistula ...
The permit for the construction of new city defenses featuring stone watchtowers, fortified gates and a moat was issued by Prince Leszek II the Black in 1285. The gate named after St. Florian became the main entryway to the Old Town. It was connected by a long bridge to the circular barbican erected of brick on the other side of the moat.
The term is a diminutive of city, meaning "little city", because it is a smaller part of the city of which it is the defensive core. In a fortification with bastions , the citadel is the strongest part of the system, sometimes well inside the outer walls and bastions, but often forming part of the outer wall for the sake of economy.
The Kraków Barbican (Polish: Barbakan Krakowski) is a barbican – a fortified outpost once connected to the city walls. It is a historic gateway leading into the Old Town of Kraków , Poland . The barbican is one of the few remaining relics of the complex network of fortifications and defensive barriers that once encircled the royal city of ...
Geography of Athens. Athens is: a city. capital of Attica; capital of Greece; primate city of Greece; Population of Athens: 637,798 (city proper and municipality) 3,090,508 (urban area) Area of Athens: 38.964 km 2 (15.044 sq mi) (city proper and municipality) 412 km 2 (159 sq mi) (urban area) Atlas of Athens; Topography of Athens
The York City walls have many intact posterns along their length, as well as records of others that have been demolished due to the expansion of the city. Castlegate Postern. The site of Castlegate postern is currently located under the pedestrian crossing on the B1227, Tower Street, in front of Clifford's Tower. The postern was demolished ...