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  2. File inclusion vulnerability - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File_inclusion_vulnerability

    A file inclusion vulnerability is a type of web vulnerability that is most commonly found to affect web applications that rely on a scripting run time.This issue is caused when an application builds a path to executable code using an attacker-controlled variable in a way that allows the attacker to control which file is executed at run time.

  3. Directory traversal attack - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Directory_traversal_attack

    A directory traversal (or path traversal) attack exploits insufficient security validation or sanitization of user-supplied file names, such that characters representing "traverse to parent directory" are passed through to the operating system's file system API. An affected application can be exploited to gain unauthorized access to the file system

  4. Code injection - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Code_injection

    If the above is stored in the executable file ./check, the shell command ./check " 1 ) evil" will attempt to execute the injected shell command evil instead of comparing the argument with the constant one. Here, the code under attack is the code that is trying to check the parameter, the very code that might have been trying to validate the ...

  5. Insecure direct object reference - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Insecure_direct_object...

    Insecure direct object reference (IDOR) is a type of access control vulnerability in digital security. [1]This can occur when a web application or application programming interface uses an identifier for direct access to an object in an internal database but does not check for access control or authentication.

  6. Cross-site request forgery - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cross-site_request_forgery

    Cross-site request forgery is an example of a confused deputy attack against a web browser because the web browser is tricked into submitting a forged request by a less privileged attacker. CSRF commonly has the following characteristics:

  7. Include directive - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Include_directive

    An include directive instructs a text file processor to replace the directive text with the content of a specified file.. The act of including may be logical in nature. The processor may simply process the include file content at the location of the directive without creating a combined file.

  8. Double encoding - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Double_encoding

    As a security filter against directory traversal attacks, this program searches the value it reads from $_GET["file"] for directory traversal sequences and exits if it finds one. However, after this filter, the program URI-decodes the data that it has read from $_GET["file"] , which makes it vulnerable to double URI-encoding attacks.

  9. Path (computing) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Path_(computing)

    The following examples show MS-DOS/Windows-style paths, with backslashes used to match the most common syntax: A:\Temp\File.txt This path points to a file with the name File.txt, located in the directory Temp, which in turn is located in the root directory of the drive A:. C:..\File.txt