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Influenza A virus subtype H1N1 (A/H1N1) is a subtype of influenza A virus (IAV). Some human-adapted strains of H1N1 are endemic in humans and are one cause of seasonal influenza (flu). [1] Other strains of H1N1 are endemic in pigs (swine influenza) and in birds (avian influenza). [2]
Hemagglutinin (HA) in influenza A virus (IAV) has at least 18 different subtypes. [7] These subtypes are named H1 through H18. H16 was discovered in 2004 on IAVs isolated from black-headed gulls from Sweden and Norway. H17 was discovered in 2012 in fruit bats. [8] [9] Most recently, H18 was discovered in a Peruvian bat in 2013. [10]
Swine influenza virus (SIV) or swine-origin influenza virus (S-OIV) refers to any strain of the influenza family of viruses that is endemic in pigs. [2] As of 2009, identified SIV strains include influenza C and the subtypes of influenza A known as H1N1 , H1N2 , H2N1, H3N1 , H3N2 , and H2N3 .
The pandemic H1N1/09 virus is a swine origin influenza A virus subtype H1N1 strain that was responsible for the 2009 swine flu pandemic. This strain is often called swine flu by the public media due to the prevailing belief that it originated in pigs. The virus is believed to have originated around September 2008 in central Mexico.
There are various subtypes of hemagglutinins, in which H1, H2, and H3 are known to have human susceptibility. [8] It is the variation in hemagglutinin (and neuraminidase) subtypes that require health organizations (ex. WHO) to constantly update and surveil the known circulating flu viruses in human and animal populations (ex. H5N1).
The U.S. Department of Agriculture said this week that cow-to-cow transmission is a factor in the spread of bird flu in dairy herds, but it still does not know exactly how the virus is being moved ...
This page was last edited on 1 October 2009, at 19:19 (UTC).; Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 License; additional terms may ...
Children infected in the 2009 H1N1 flu pandemic were no more likely to be hospitalized with complications or get pneumonia than those who catch seasonal strains. About 1.5% of children with the H1N1 swine flu strain were hospitalized within 30 days, compared with 3.7% of those sick with a seasonal strain of H1N1 and 3.1% with an H3N2 virus. [198]