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A set-valued function, also called a correspondence or set-valued relation, is a mathematical function that maps elements from one set, the domain of the function, to subsets of another set. [ 1 ] [ 2 ] Set-valued functions are used in a variety of mathematical fields, including optimization , control theory and game theory .
The built-in analysis operations include column/row statistics, (de)convolution, FFT and FFT-based filters. Curve fitting can be performed with user-defined or built-in linear and nonlinear functions, including multi-peak fitting, based on the GNU Scientific Library .
In Python, a generator can be thought of as an iterator that contains a frozen stack frame. Whenever next() is called on the iterator, Python resumes the frozen frame, which executes normally until the next yield statement is reached. The generator's frame is then frozen again, and the yielded value is returned to the caller.
In array languages, operations are generalized to apply to both scalars and arrays. Thus, a+b expresses the sum of two scalars if a and b are scalars, or the sum of two arrays if they are arrays. An array language simplifies programming but possibly at a cost known as the abstraction penalty.
Python 3.0, released in 2008, was a major revision not completely backward-compatible with earlier versions. Python 2.7.18, released in 2020, was the last release of Python 2. [37] Python consistently ranks as one of the most popular programming languages, and has gained widespread use in the machine learning community. [38] [39] [40] [41]
In computing, a script is a relatively short and simple set of instructions that typically automate an otherwise manual process. The act of writing a script is called scripting. A scripting language or script language is a programming language that is used for scripting. [1]
Two common examples of dependent types are dependent functions and dependent pairs. The return type of a dependent function may depend on the value (not just type) of one of its arguments. For instance, a function that takes a positive integer n {\displaystyle n} may return an array of length n {\displaystyle n} , where the array length is part ...
the set of natural numbers in set theory (although or N is more common in other areas of mathematics) an asymptotic dominant notation related to big O notation; in probability theory, a possible outcome of an experiment; the arithmetic function counting a number's distinct prime factors