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The Western Schism, also known as the Papal Schism, the Great Occidental Schism, the Schism of 1378, or the Great Schism [1] (Latin: Magnum schisma occidentale, Ecclesiae occidentalis schisma), was a split within the Catholic Church lasting from 20 September 1378 to 11 November 1417, in which bishops residing in Rome and Avignon simultaneously claimed to be the true pope, and were eventually ...
The conclave was the first held in Old St. Peter's Basilica. [4]Before his death, Gregory XI substantially loosened the laws of the conclave: he instructed the cardinals to begin immediately after his death (rather than waiting the nine days prescribed by the Ordo Romanis) to prevent "factional coercion", he gave the cardinals permission to hold the conclave outside of Rome and move it as many ...
The Origins of the Great Schism: A study in fourteenth-century ecclesiastical history. Burns Oates and Washbourne Ltd. Walsh, Michael J. (2011). The Cardinals: Thirteen Centuries of the Men Behind the Papal Throne. Wm. B. Eerdmans Publishing. ISBN 978-0-8028-2941-2. Williams, George L. (1998). Papal Genealogy: The Families and Descendants of ...
The period from 1378 to 1417, when there were rival claimants to the title of pope, is referred to as the "Western Schism" or "the great controversy of the antipopes" by some Catholic scholars and "the second great schism" by many secular and Protestant historians. Parties within the Catholic Church were divided in their allegiance among the ...
Moreover, Michael did not excommunicate the Pope, nor even the Western Church, but only the papal delegation. Most of the direct causes of the Great Schism, however, are far less grandiose than the famous Filioque. The relations between the Papacy and the Byzantine court were good in the years leading up to 1054.
Pope Leo X, the quintessential Renaissance pope. The Renaissance Papacy was a period of papal history between the Western Schism and the Reformation.From the election of Pope Martin V of the Council of Constance in 1417 to the Reformation in the 16th century, Western Christianity was largely free from schism as well as significant disputed papal claimants.
The council's main purpose was to end the Papal schism which had resulted from the confusion following the Avignon Papacy. Pope Gregory XI 's return to Rome in 1377, followed by his death (in 1378) and the controversial election of his successor, Pope Urban VI , resulted in the defection of a number of cardinals and the election of a rival pope ...
In 1378 Charles V's support for the election of the Avignon Pope Clement VII started the Great Schism. [20] This event split the Church for almost four decades and thwarted papal efforts to prevent or end the Hundred Years' War.