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Pope Gregory XI (Latin: Gregorius XI; born Pierre Roger de Beaufort; c. 1329 – 27 March 1378) was head of the Catholic Church from 30 December 1370 to his death, in March 1378. He was the seventh and last Avignon pope [ 1 ] and the most recent French pope recognized by the modern Catholic Church.
The Western Schism, also known as the Papal Schism, the Great Occidental Schism, the Schism of 1378, or the Great Schism [1] (Latin: Magnum schisma occidentale, Ecclesiae occidentalis schisma), was a split within the Catholic Church lasting from 20 September 1378 to 11 November 1417, in which bishops residing in Rome and Avignon simultaneously claimed to be the true pope, and were eventually ...
Pope Gregory XI died on March 26, 1378, in Rome, having returned from Avignon to pursue his territorial interests in the Papal States during the War of the Eight Saints. Although the French cardinals constituted a majority of the College of Cardinals due to the preceding Avignon Papacy, they succumbed to the will of the Roman mob, which ...
Pope Gregory XI returned to Rome in 1376 and ended the Avignon Papacy. The most influential decision in the reign of Pope Gregory XI (1370–1378) was the return to Rome, beginning on 13 September 1376 and ending with his arrival on 17 January 1377.
Peace terms had been tentatively agreed when, on 31 March, the conference learned that Gregory XI had died. Visconti nonetheless transmitted the terms to the principal parties, but the conference broke up. [11] [12] A peace treaty was finally concluded at Tivoli in July 1378, negotiated with Pope Urban VI. [1]
Pope Gregory XI's return to Rome in 1377, followed by his death (in 1378) and the controversial election of his successor, Pope Urban VI, resulted in the defection of a number of cardinals and the election of a rival pope based at Avignon in 1378.
Pope Gregory XI; G. Mollat, The Popes at Avignon 1305-1378, London 1963 This page was last edited on 17 January 2025, at 13:14 (UTC). Text is available under ...
Pope Gregory V (996–999) Pope Gregory VI (1045–1046) Antipope Gregory VI; Pope Gregory VII (1073–1085), after whom the Gregorian Reform is named; Pope Gregory VIII (1187) Antipope Gregory VIII; Pope Gregory IX (1227–1241) Pope Gregory X (1271–1276) Pope Gregory XI (1370–1378) Pope Gregory XII (1406–1415) Pope Gregory XIII (1572 ...