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In adults, the onset of trichotillomania may be secondary to underlying psychiatric disturbances, and symptoms are generally more long-term. [ 10 ] Secondary infections may occur due to picking and scratching, but other complications are rare. [ 10 ]
Trichophagia is most closely associated with trichotillomania, the pulling out of one's own hair, and thus any symptoms of trichotillomania could be predictive of trichophagia and must be ruled out. Rarely, persons with trichophagia do not exclusively have trichotillomania and instead will eat the hair of others. [9] [5]
Rapunzel syndrome is an extremely rare intestinal condition in humans resulting from ingesting hair (trichophagia). [1] [2] The syndrome is named after the long-haired girl Rapunzel in the fairy tale by the Brothers Grimm. Trichophagia is sometimes associated with the hair-pulling disorder trichotillomania. [3]
It occurs most commonly among children around 4 months of age, [1] though cases have been described in older children and adults. [2] Most cases occur accidentally. [1] Risk factors may include autism and trichotillomania. [1] The mechanism is believed to involve wet hair become wrapped around a body part and then tightening as it dries. [1]
as definite host: ingestion of undercooked pork; as intermediate host, ingestion of material contaminated by human feces from a person carrying the adult form Bertielliasis: Bertiella mucronata, Bertiella studeri: Intestines stool rare contact with non-human primates Sparganosis: Spirometra erinaceieuropaei
Human infectious diseases may be characterized by their case fatality rate (CFR), the proportion of people diagnosed with a disease who die from it (cf. mortality rate).It should not be confused with the infection fatality rate (IFR), the estimated proportion of people infected by a disease-causing agent, including asymptomatic and undiagnosed infections, who die from the disease.
A study was done in which 44 families with individuals who had trichotillomania had their SLITRK1 gene sequenced. Two new non-synonymous mutations were discovered about 9 base pairs apart from each other, in an area separate from the one where the Tourette mutations were found.
Extremely rare [4] Autoimmune urticaria: Skin IgG against IgE or IgE receptor: Probable Not well established [5] [6] Bullous pemphigoid: Skin Anti-BP180, Anti-BP230 Confirmed 6-30 per 100,000 (mostly older adults) [7] Cicatricial pemphigoid: Mucous membranes, sometimes skin Anti-BP180, Anti-BP230 Confirmed Rare [8] Dermatitis herpetiformis: Skin
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