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Hypostomus plecostomus, also known as the suckermouth catfish or common pleco, is a tropical freshwater fish belonging to the armored catfish family (Loricariidae), named for the longitudinal rows of armor-like scutes that cover the upper parts of the head and body (the lower surface of head and abdomen is naked soft skin).
The name "bonytongues" is derived from a toothed bone on the floor of the mouth, the "tongue", equipped with teeth that bite against teeth on the roof of the mouth. The arowana is a facultative air breather and can obtain oxygen from air by sucking it into its swim bladder , which is lined with capillaries like lung tissue .
The diet of the arapaima consists of fish, crustaceans, fruits, seeds, insects, and small land animals that walk near the shore. [18] The fish is an air breather, using its labyrinth organ, which is rich in blood vessels and opens into the fish's mouth, [19] an advantage in oxygen-deprived water that is often found in the Amazon River.
An extreme example is the Salton Sea, where tilapia introduced when the water was merely brackish now live in salt concentrations so high that other marine fish cannot survive. [ 13 ] Tilapia are also known to be mouth-brooding species, which means they carry the fertilized eggs and young fish in their mouths for several days after the yolk sac ...
The mouths of these fish are most commonly located on the underside of their head (subterminal), with thick, fleshy lips. Most species are less than 60 cm (2.0 ft) in length, but the largest species ( Ictiobus and Myxocyprinus ) can surpass 100 cm (3.3 ft).
The fish range in size from about 3.83 inches to about 4.86 inches long, the study said. They were collected from between approximately 630 feet underwater to about 985 feet underwater.
The fish's suckermouth, with its fleshy lips, is located in an inferior position at the bottom of its head, as the fish obtains its food from bottom surfaces. [5] The white sucker is often mistaken for different species of suckers and redhorses , but can be distinguished by the complete lateral line system containing 55–85 small scales. [ 6 ]
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related to: freshwater vs ocean water fish that has healing face and head and mouth