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Chicano studies, also known as Chicano/a studies, Chican@ studies, or Xicano studies originates from the Chicano Movement of the late 1960s and 1970s, and is the study of the Chicano and Latino experience. [1] [2] Chicano studies draws upon a variety of fields, including history, sociology, the arts, and Chicano literature. [3]
By 1977, the NACS was considered a very successful organization that was able to manage the growth of Chicana/o studies. [3] In 1995, the organization was again renamed. Members chose the name National Association for Chicana and Chicano Studies "in recognition of the critical contribution and role of Chicanas in the association." [2]
The Plan Espiritual de Aztlán (English: "Spiritual Plan of Aztlán") was a pro-indigenist manifesto advocating Chicano nationalism and self-determination for Mexican Americans. It was adopted by the First National Chicano Youth Liberation Conference, a March 1969 convention hosted by Rodolfo Gonzales's Crusade for Justice in Denver, Colorado. [1]
He was a founding co-editor of Aztlán, a journal of Chicano studies. He began teaching at the University of California, Los Angeles in 1969 and has held his post for over forty years. He has served as the director of UCLA's Chicano Studies Research Center, as well as on the board of the Mexican American Legal Defense and Education Fund.
Chicano may derive from the Mexica people, originally pronounced Meh-Shee-Ka. [43]The etymology of the term Chicano is the subject of some debate by historians. [44] Some believe Chicano is a Spanish language derivative of an older Nahuatl word Mexitli ("Meh-shee-tlee").
Austin native and artist José Francisco Treviño grew with Chicano movement. His story could showcase the city's art and civil rights history.
'Zoot Suit' is by far the most influential play by a Chicano writer, and the only one to reach Broadway. It changed Los Angeles' historical memory and the American theater forever
Before this, Chicano/a had been a term of derision, adopted by some Pachucos as an expression of defiance to Anglo-American society. [14] With the rise of Chicanismo, Chicano/a became a reclaimed term in the 1960s and 1970s, used to express political autonomy, ethnic and cultural solidarity, and pride in being of Indigenous descent, diverging from the assimilationist Mexican-American identity.