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The degradation or fragmentation of faunal remains presents challenges in the accurate analysis and interpretation of data. [ 2 ] Characterized by its interdisciplinary nature, zooarchaeology bridges the studies of ancient human societies and the animal kingdom. [ 3 ]
Faunal remains are considered to include both fish, birds, and mammals. These remains are used to reconstruct past environments and identify how animals impacted human economies. The study of ancient animal remains is referred to as zooarchaeology. Once bones are collected, cleaned, and labeled, specialists begin to identify the type of bone ...
For example, if the faunal remains appear to have been butchered or sawn by hand, it is possible to link the remains to the 19th and early 20th century where this method of butchering animals for food was common. The size of the ecofact can also reveal information as to whether the food was locally grown or imported. [7]
Ceramic analysis does more than just provide information on raw materials and pottery production; it helps provide insight to past societies in terms of their technology, economy and social structure. [6] [7] Additionally, faunal analysis exists to study artifacts in the form of animal remains. Just as with lithic artifacts, faunal remains are ...
In archaeology and paleontology a faunal assemblage is a group of animal fossils found together in a given stratum. [1] In a non-deformed deposition, fossils are organized by stratum following the laws of uniformitarianism [2] and superposition, [3] which state that the natural phenomena observable today (such as death, decay, or post-mortem transport) also apply to the paleontological record ...
While most specimens are the bones of Fallow deer and Ibex, some are incorporated into a group named "artiodactyls," which represent approximately 63-93% of all faunal bone remains. [5] Moreover, archaeologists suggest that the assemblage of faunal remains may imply the human exploitation of animals and their surroundings through hunting. [5]
Geoarchaeological survey of stratigraphic units using a versatile coring unit, a common tool for environmental archaeologists. Environmental archaeology is a sub-field of archaeology which emerged in 1970s [1] and is the science of reconstructing the relationships between past societies and the environments they lived in. [2] [3] The field represents an archaeological-palaeoecological approach ...
Upon an analysis of the frequency of faunal remains, the team found increased levels of human occupation during the period of open grasslands. Southern African regional marine and terrestrial data indicate that Marine Isotope Stage 4, which encapsulates the known dates for Howiesons Poort, [14] was a period of cool and moist climates. [15]