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The city became a capital of the Azerbaijan SSR and underwent many major changes. As a result, Baku played a great role in many branches of the Soviet life. Since about 1921, the city was headed by the Baku City Executive Committee, commonly known in Russian as Bakgorispolkom.
Baku becomes capital of Azerbaijan Democratic Republic. [3] 1919 Baku State University founded. [17] Molodezh Azerbaijana newspaper begins publication. [17] 1920 28 April: 11th Army (Soviet Union) takes city. Baku becomes capital of Azerbaijan Soviet Socialist Republic. [18] Azerbaijan State Symphony Orchestra and Baku Polytechnic Institute ...
The population increased again from about 13,000 in the 1860s to 112,000 in 1897 and 215,000 in 1913, making Baku the largest city in the Caucasus region. [75] Baku has been a cosmopolitan city at certain times during its history, meaning ethnic Azerbaijanis did not constitute the majority of population. [76]
The city of Baku only became the capital of the Republic in September 1918. Unable to resist advancing Turkish troops during the Battle of Baku , Dunsterville ordered the evacuation of the city on September 14, after six weeks of occupation, and withdrew to Iran; most of the Armenian population escaped with the British forces.
In July 1918, Soviet power in Baku was overthrown, and in September, following its capture by the Caucasian Islamic Army, the city became the capital of the Azerbaijan Democratic Republic. However, various parties aligned with Bolshevik ideology and socialist-oriented organizations such as " Hummat " and "Adalat" continued to operate clandestinely.
After an 1859 earthquake, the capital of the eastern province was transferred from Shamakhi to Baku. [171] Oil derricks in Balaxanı around 1890. Baku was integrated into the Russian Empire in accordance with the 1813 Treaty of Gulistan, and Azerbaijan experienced significant economic development during the second half of the 19th century. [175]
During Soviet era the Executive Power of the Baku City was named the Executive Committee of the Baku City Workers' Deputies Council (in 1939–1977), then the Executive Committee of the Baku City National Deputies' Council (in 1977–1991). Since 1991 it has been named the executive power of the Baku City.
Old City or Inner City (Azerbaijani: İçərişəhər) [2] is the historical core of Baku, the capital of Azerbaijan. The Old City is the most ancient part of Baku, [3] which is surrounded by walls. In 2007, the Old City had a population of about 3,000 people. [4] In December 2000, the Old City of Baku, including the Palace of the Shirvanshahs ...