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Bee learning and communication includes cognitive and sensory processes in all kinds of bees, that is the insects in the seven families making up the clade Anthophila. Some species have been studied more extensively than others, in particular Apis mellifera , or European honey bee.
For example, the Scarabaeidae have lamellate antennae that can be folded tightly for safety or spread openly for detecting odours or pheromones. The insect manages such actions by changes in blood pressure, by which it exploits elasticity in walls and membranes in the funicles, which are in effect erectile.
Alarm pheromones are released when a bee stings another animal to attract and entice other bees to attack. Smoke suppresses the effect of alarm pheromones, which is exploited by beekeepers. [69] The other alarm pheromone of the honey bee contains mainly 2-Heptanone, another volatile substance released by the mandibular glands. [70]
The other bees take in the information by keeping in close contact with the dancing bee and reconstructing its movements. They also receive information via their sense of smell about what is to be found at the food source (type of food, pollen, propolis, water) as well as its specific characteristics. The orientation functions so well that the ...
For example, the bee is presented with an odor (CS) and an application of the sugar (US) solution to its antennae, upon which she reflexively extends her proboscis. In some variations, the bee is immediately fed with sugar at this point; this constitutes an operant reinforcement which would tend to establish the odor as a discriminative stimulus.
Beat Bugs is an animated children's television series, created by Josh Wakely, and produced for Netflix by Grace: A Storytelling Company and Thunderbird Entertainment since 2016. [1] The series is centred around five young anthropomorphised insects who live in an overgrown suburban backyard and learn life lessons while having adventures.
Why being cautious gives some children a sense of control. Lynda Lin Grisby. April 10, 2023 at 7:30 AM. Some kids have a slow-to-warm-up temperament that can make them resist new activities or ...
When the "cuckoo" bee larva hatches, it consumes the host larva's pollen ball, and often the host egg also. [84] In particular, the Arctic bee species, Bombus hyperboreus is an aggressive species that attacks and enslaves other bees of the same subgenus. However, unlike many other bee brood parasites, they have pollen baskets and often collect ...