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Molar concentration or molarity is most commonly expressed in units of moles of solute per litre of solution. [2] For use in broader applications, it is defined as amount of substance of solute per unit volume of solution, or per unit volume available to the species, represented by lowercase : [3]
It is a dimensionless quantity with dimension of / and dimensionless unit of moles per mole (mol/mol or mol ⋅ mol-1) or simply 1; metric prefixes may also be used (e.g., nmol/mol for 10-9). [5] When expressed in percent , it is known as the mole percent or molar percentage (unit symbol %, sometimes "mol%", equivalent to cmol/mol for 10 -2 ).
With this conversion from SCCM to kg/s, one can then use available unit calculators to convert kg/s to other units, [5] such as g/s of the CGS system, or slug/s. Based on the above formulas, the relationship between SCCM and molar flow rate in kmol/s is given by
The standard liter per minute (SLM or SLPM) is a unit of (molar or) mass flow rate of a gas at standard conditions for temperature and pressure (STP), which is most commonly practiced in the United States, whereas European practice revolves around the normal litre per minute (NLPM). [1]
It is the reciprocal of density ρ and it is also related to the molar volume and molar mass: = = ~ The standard unit of specific volume is cubic meters per kilogram (m 3 /kg), but other units include ft 3 /lb, ft 3 /slug, or mL/g. [1]
This page lists examples of the orders of magnitude of molar concentration. Source values are parenthesized where unit conversions were performed. M denotes the non-SI unit molar: 1 M = 1 mol/L = 10 −3 mol/m 3.
For convenience in avoiding conversions in the imperial (or US customary units), some engineers adopted the pound-mole (notation lb-mol or lbmol), which is defined as the number of entities in 12 lb of 12 C. One lb-mol is equal to 453.592 37 g‑mol, [6] which is the same numerical value as the number of grams in an international avoirdupois pound.
A solution with 1 g of solute dissolved in a final volume of 100 mL of solution would be labeled as "1%" or "1% m/v" (mass/volume). This is incorrect because the unit "%" can only be used for dimensionless quantities. Instead, the concentration should simply be given in units of g/mL.