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An immune disorder is a dysfunction of the immune system. [1] These disorders can be characterized in several different ways: By the component(s) of the immune system affected; By whether the immune system is overactive or underactive; By whether the condition is congenital or acquired
A class of diseases, some of which may be autoimmune. Erythroblastosis fetalis: Mother's immune system attacks fetus. An immune system disorder but not autoimmune. Fibrodysplasia ossificans progressiva: Possibly an immune system disorder but not autoimmune. Gastrointestinal pemphigoid: No consistent evidence of association with autoimmunity.
According to this system, known as the Gell and Coombs classification [6] or Gell-Coombs's classification, [7] there are four types of hypersensitivity, namely: type I, which is an Immunoglobulin E (IgE) mediated immediate reaction; type II, an antibody-mediated reaction mainly involving IgG or IgM; type III, an immune complex-mediated reaction ...
A key difference is a malfunction of the innate immune system in autoinflammatory diseases, whereas in autoimmune diseases there is a malfunction of the adaptive immune system. [8] Symptoms of autoimmune diseases can significantly vary, primarily based on the specific type of the disease and the body part that it affects.
Immune dysregulation is any proposed or confirmed breakdown or maladaptive change in molecular control of immune system processes. For example, dysregulation is a component in the pathogenesis of autoimmune diseases and some cancers .
Particular organ problems (e.g. diseases involving the skin, heart, facial development and skeletal system) may be present in certain conditions. Others predispose to autoimmune disease, where the immune system attacks the body's own tissues, or tumours (sometimes specific forms of cancer, such as lymphoma). The nature of the infections, as ...
Immunodeficiencies comprise many diseases and are genetic defects affecting the immune system. There are roughly 150 immunodeficiencies spanning over 120 genetic defects. [22] Charles Janeway Sr. is generally credited with the first description of a case of CVID in 1953. [30]
The immune system is a network of biological systems that protects an organism from diseases. It detects and responds to a wide variety of pathogens , from viruses to bacteria , as well as cancer cells , parasitic worms , and also objects such as wood splinters , distinguishing them from the organism's own healthy tissue .