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2. Speed of light - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Speed_of_Light

   For example, for visible light, the refractive index of glass is typically around 1.5, meaning that light in glass travels at ⁠ c / 1.5 ⁠ ≈ 200 000 km/s (124 000 mi/s); the refractive index of air for visible light is about 1.0003, so the speed of light in air is about 90 km/s (56 mi/s) slower than c.

3. Fizeau's measurement of the speed of light in air - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fizeau's_measurement_of_the...

   At 3 times the speed it was again eclipsed. [3] [4] Given the rotational speed of the wheel and the distance between the wheel and the mirror, Fizeau was able to calculate a value of 2 × 8633m × 720 × 25.2/s = 313,274,304 m/s for the speed of light. Fizeau's value for the speed of light was 4.5% too high. [5] The correct value is 299,792,458 ...

4. Foucault's measurements of the speed of light - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Foucault's_measurements_of...

   In 1845, Arago suggested to Fizeau and Foucault that they attempt to measure the speed of light. Sometime in 1849, however, it appears that the two had a falling out, and they parted ways. [5]: 124 [3] In 1848−49, Fizeau used, not a rotating mirror, but a toothed wheel apparatus to perform an absolute measurement of the speed of light in air.

5. One-way speed of light - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/One-way_speed_of_light

   The two-way speed of light is the average speed of light from one point, such as a source, to a mirror and back again. Because the light starts and finishes in the same place, only one clock is needed to measure the total time; thus, this speed can be experimentally determined independently of any clock synchronization scheme.

6. Computer performance - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Computer_performance

   In computing, computer performance is the amount of useful work accomplished by a computer system. Outside of specific contexts, computer performance is estimated in terms of accuracy, efficiency and speed of executing computer program instructions. When it comes to high computer performance, one or more of the following factors might be involved:

7. 2011 OPERA faster-than-light neutrino anomaly - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2011_OPERA_faster-than...

   The principle of the OPERA neutrino velocity experiment was to compare travel time of neutrinos against travel time of light. The neutrinos in the experiment emerged at CERN and flew to the OPERA detector. The researchers divided this distance by the speed of light in vacuum to predict what the neutrino travel time should be.

8. Refractive index - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Refractive_index

   The refractive index, , can be seen as the factor by which the speed and the wavelength of the radiation are reduced with respect to their vacuum values: the speed of light in a medium is v = c/n, and similarly the wavelength in that medium is λ = λ 0 /n, where λ 0 is the wavelength of that light in vacuum.

9. Michelson–Morley experiment - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Michelson–Morley_experiment

   For instance, the Fizeau wheel could measure the speed of light to perhaps 5% accuracy, which was quite inadequate for measuring directly a first-order 0.01% change in the speed of light. A number of physicists therefore attempted to make measurements of indirect first-order effects not of the speed of light itself, but of variations in the ...