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Upon reaching Yinchuan in 1227 and setting siege to the city, Genghis prepared to invade the Jin dynasty in order to neutralize any threat of them sending relief troops to Western Xia as well as setting the stage for a final conquest of the Jin empire.
Mongol conquest of Western Xia: Mongols invade the Hexi Corridor and defeat a Tangut army before laying siege to Zhongxing, however they accidentally flood their own camp in the process of breaking the Yellow River dikes and are forced to retreat [66]
Tangut society was divided into two classes: the "Red Faced" and the "Black Headed". The Red Faced Tanguts were seen as commoners while the Black Headed Tanguts made up the elite priestly caste. Although Buddhism was extremely popular among the Tangut people, many Tangut herdsmen continued to practice a kind of shamanism known as Root West (Melie).
The Western Xia or the Xi Xia (Chinese: 西夏; pinyin: Xī Xià; Wade–Giles: Hsi 1 Hsia 4), officially the Great Xia (大夏; Dà Xià; Ta 4 Hsia 4), also known as the Tangut Empire, and known as Mi-nyak [6] to the Tanguts and Tibetans, was a Tangut-led imperial dynasty of China that existed from 1038 to 1227.
Two years later the Guiyi Circuit surrendered to the Tanguts. Yuanhao invaded the Qinghai region as well but was repelled by the newly risen Tibetan kingdom of Tsongkha. In 1032, Yuanhao annexed the Tibetan confederation of Xiliangfu, and soon after his father died, leaving him ruler of the Tangut state. [4]
The Tuyuhun and Tanguts regularly raided Tang settlements along the latter's western frontier. [1] In 623, the Tuyuhun departed from their homeland in the pastures surrounding Qinghai Lake and invaded Gansu. [2] The Tang general Chai Shao was dispatched to defeat the nomads and prevent further incursions.
The Song dynasty invaded Western Xia in 1003 and the war lasted for two years before ending inconclusively. [47] In 1103, Hong Zhongfu reported that the Khitans and Tanguts were using the iron from Chinese coins to make their weapons. He proposed adding lead and tin to the coins to make the barbarian weapons brittle and unusable.
Wang Cuodian's invasion was not to take Sichuan but to push its territorial ... a general who had made his reputation fighting the Türks and the Tanguts in the north ...