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Feminist literary criticism can be traced back to medieval times, with some arguing that Geoffrey Chaucer's Wife of Bath could be an example of early feminist literary critics. [2] Additionally, the period considered First wave feminism also contributed extensively to literature and women's presence within it.
This strand of feminist literary theory originated in France in the early 1970s through the works of Cixous and other theorists including Luce Irigaray, [2] Chantal Chawaf, [3] [4] Catherine Clément and Julia Kristeva, [5] [6] and has subsequently been expanded upon by writers such as psychoanalytic theorist Bracha Ettinger.
While previous figures like Virginia Woolf and Simone de Beauvoir had already begun to review and evaluate the female image in literature, [2] and second-wave feminism had explored phallocentrism and sexism through a female reading of male authors, gynocriticism was designed as a "second phase" in feminist criticism – turning to a focus on, and interrogation of female authorship, images, the ...
Feminist literary criticism is literary criticism informed by feminist theories or politics. Its history has been varied, from classic works of female authors such as George Eliot, Virginia Woolf, [71] and Margaret Fuller to recent theoretical work in women's studies and gender studies by "third-wave" authors.
Feminist criticism of children's literature is therefore expected, since it is a type of feminist literature. [10] Feminist children's literature has played a critical role for the feminist movement, especially in the past half century. In her book Feminism Is for Everybody: Passionate Politics, bell hooks states her belief that all types of ...
Over 700 pages long, the work is an early landmark in feminist literary criticism. [5] While some have stated that it has become outdated, and that the metaphoric framework outlined by Gilbert and Gubar is limiting, essentialist, self-referential, and insufficiently aware of the varying individual circumstances, [6] it remains a cornerstone work in the field.
Showalter's early essays and editorial work in the late 1970s and the 1980s survey the history of the feminist tradition within the "wilderness" of literary theory and criticism. Working in the field of feminist literary theory and criticism, which was just emerging as a serious scholarly pursuit in universities in the 1970s, Showalter's ...
A currently accepted method of thought for children's literature criticism in the academic world came to life during the 1970s, the same time that the second wave of feminist theory became popular. Early in the decade, feminist critics like Kate Millett explained how good writing was based on a belief that being a white male was normal and ...