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Database normalization is the process of structuring a relational database accordance with a series of so-called normal forms in order to reduce data redundancy and improve data integrity. It was first proposed by British computer scientist Edgar F. Codd as part of his relational model .
Fourth normal form (4NF) is a normal form used in database normalization. Introduced by Ronald Fagin in 1977, 4NF is the next level of normalization after Boyce–Codd normal form (BCNF). Whereas the second , third , and Boyce–Codd normal forms are concerned with functional dependencies , 4NF is concerned with a more general type of ...
The purpose of this normalization is to increase flexibility and data independence, and to simplify the data language. It also opens the door to further normalization, which eliminates redundancy and anomalies. Most relational database management systems do not support nested records, so tables are in first normal form by default.
Download as PDF; Printable version; In other projects Wikidata item; ... Pages in category "Database normalization" The following 22 pages are in this category, out ...
Fifth normal form (5NF), also known as projection–join normal form (PJ/NF), is a level of database normalization designed to remove redundancy in relational databases recording multi-valued facts by isolating semantically related multiple relationships.
This was the first time the notion of a relational database was published. All work after this, including the Boyce–Codd normal form method was based on this relational model. The Boyce–Codd normal form was first described by Ian Heath in 1971, and has also been called Heath normal form by Chris Date .
In computing, the reduction of data to any kind of canonical form is commonly called data normalization. For instance, database normalization is the process of organizing the fields and tables of a relational database to minimize redundancy and dependency.
Data normalization, general reduction of data to canonical form; Normal number, a floating point number that has exactly one bit or digit to the left of the radix point; Database normalization, used in database theory; Dimensional normalization, or snowflaking, removal of redundant attributes in a dimensional model