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  2. Calculus (dental) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Calculus_(dental)

    In dentistry, calculus or tartar is a form of hardened dental plaque. It is caused by precipitation of minerals from saliva and gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) in plaque on the teeth. This process of precipitation kills the bacterial cells within dental plaque, but the rough and hardened surface that is formed provides an ideal surface for ...

  3. Dental plaque - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dental_plaque

    Dental plaque is a biofilm of microorganisms ... Calculus cannot be removed through tooth brushing or with interdental aids, but only through professional cleaning. [3]

  4. Scaling and root planing - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scaling_and_root_planing

    Scaling and root planing, also known as conventional periodontal therapy, non-surgical periodontal therapy or deep cleaning, is a procedure involving removal of dental plaque and calculus (scaling or debridement) and then smoothing, or planing, of the (exposed) surfaces of the roots, removing cementum or dentine that is impregnated with calculus, toxins, or microorganisms, [1] the agents that ...

  5. Debridement (dental) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Debridement_(dental)

    In dentistry, debridement refers to the removal by dental cleaning of accumulations of plaque and calculus (tartar) in order to maintain dental health. [1] Debridement may be performed using ultrasonic instruments, which fracture the calculus, thereby facilitating its removal, as well as hand tools, including periodontal scaler and curettes, or through the use of chemicals such as hydrogen ...

  6. Oral hygiene - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oral_hygiene

    Dental calculus is composed of calcium phosphate minerals with live microorganisms that is covered by a unmineralized layer. [26] The longer that plaque stays on the tooth surface, the harder and more attached to the tooth it becomes. That is when it is referred to as calculus and needs to be removed by a dental professional. [1]

  7. List of periodontal diseases - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_periodontal_diseases

    Dental plaque is a microbial biofilm which forms on teeth. This biofilm may calcify and harden, termed calculus (tartar). Plaque tends to build up around the gingival margin (the gumline) and in gingival crevices or periodontal pocket (below the gumline). The release of waste products from the bacteria living in the biofilm causes an ...

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