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The cochlea is a portion of the inner ear that looks like a snail shell (cochlea is Greek for snail). [5] The cochlea receives sound in the form of vibrations, which cause the stereocilia to move. The stereocilia then convert these vibrations into nerve impulses which are taken up to the brain to be interpreted.
The height of hair bundles increases from base to apex and the number of stereocilia decreases (i.e. hair cells located at the base of the cochlea contain more stereo cilia than those located at the apex). [14] Furthermore, in the tip-link complex of cochlear hair cells, tonotopy is associated with gradients of intrinsic mechanical properties. [15]
The basilar membrane is widest (0.42–0.65 mm) and least stiff at the apex of the cochlea, and narrowest (0.08–0.16 mm) and stiffest at the base (near the round and oval windows). [3] High-frequency sounds localize near the base of the cochlea, while low-frequency sounds localize near the apex.
At the cochlear base the BM is at its narrowest and most stiff (high-frequencies), while at the cochlear apex it is at its widest and least stiff (low-frequencies). The tectorial membrane (TM) helps facilitate cochlear amplification by stimulating OHC (direct) and IHC (via endolymph vibrations). TM width and stiffness parallels BM's and ...
A typical cochlear implant electrode array may be inserted at a depth of 22–25 mm into the cochlea . At an insertion depth of 25mm into the base of the cochlear spiral, the distance from the apex of the cochlea to the deepest electrode is 10 mm using the mean value of 35 mm for the length of a standard human cochlea translating to x =10/35 in ...
The cochlear cupula is a structure in the cochlea.It is the apex of the cochlea. The bony canal of the cochlea takes two and three-quarter turns around the modiolus.The modiolus is about 35 mm in length, and diminishes gradually in diameter from the base to the summit, where it terminates in the cupula.
Within the core (A1), its structure preserves tonotopy, the orderly representation of frequency, due to its ability to map low to high frequencies corresponding to the apex and base, respectively, of the cochlea. Data about the auditory cortex has been obtained through studies in rodents, cats, macaques, and other animals.
Higher frequency sounds are at the base of the cochlea, if it were unrolled, and low frequency sounds are at the apex. This arrangement is also found in the auditory cortex in the temporal lobe . In areas that are tonotopically organized, the frequency varies systematically from low to high along the surface of the cortex, but is relatively ...