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2. Switched-mode power supply - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Switched-mode_power_supply

   In contrast, a linear power supply regulates the output voltage by continually dissipating power in the pass transistor. The switched-mode power supply's higher electrical efficiency is an important advantage. Switched-mode power supplies can also be substantially smaller and lighter than a linear supply because the transformer can be much smaller.

3. LED circuit - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/LED_circuit

   Switched-mode power supplies (e.g. buck, boost, and buck-boost converters) are used in LED flashlights and household LED lamps. Power MOSFETs are typically used for switching LED drivers, which is an efficient solution to drive high-brightness LEDs.

4. Boost converter - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Boost_converter

   For high efficiency, the switched-mode power supply (SMPS) switch must turn on and off quickly and have low losses. The advent of a commercial semiconductor switch in the 1950s represented a major milestone that made SMPSs such as the boost converter possible. The major DC to DC converters were developed in the early 1960s when semiconductor ...

5. Buck converter - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Buck_converter

   The input is left side, the output with load is right side. The switch is typically a MOSFET, IGBT, or BJT transistor. A buck converter or step-down converter is a DC-to-DC converter which decreases voltage, while increasing current, from its input to its output . It is a class of switched-mode power supply.

6. Buck–boost converter - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Buck–boost_converter

   This is a switched-mode power supply with a similar circuit configuration to the boost converter and the buck converter. The output voltage is adjustable based on the duty cycle of the switching transistor. One possible drawback of this converter is that the switch does not have a terminal at ground; this complicates the driving circuitry.

7. Chopper (electronics) - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chopper_(electronics)

   Essentially, a chopper is an electronic switch that is used to interrupt one signal under the control of another. In power electronics applications, since the switching element is either fully on or fully off, its losses are low and the circuit can provide high efficiency. However, the current supplied to the load is discontinuous and may ...

8. AOL Mail

   mail.aol.com

   Get AOL Mail for FREE! Manage your email like never before with travel, photo & document views. Personalize your inbox with themes & tabs. You've Got Mail!

9. LED lamp - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/LED_lamp

   Disassembled LED lamp with switched-mode power supply circuit board and Edison screw Efficiency droop in an InGaN LED as a function of its input current [59] The term "efficiency droop" refers to the decrease in luminous efficacy of LEDs as the electric current increases. Instead of increasing current levels, light output is usually increased ...