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The cinema of India, consisting of motion pictures made by the Indian film industry, has had a large effect on world cinema since the second half of the 20th century. [8] [9] Indian cinema is made up of various film industries, each focused on producing films in a specific language, such as Hindi, Telugu, Tamil, Malayalam, Kannada, Bengali, Marathi, Punjabi, Bhojpuri, Assamese and others.
Mother India defined conventional Hindi cinema for decades. [46] [47] [48] It spawned a genre of dacoit films, in turn defined by Gunga Jumna (1961). [49] Written and produced by Dilip Kumar, Gunga Jumna was a dacoit crime drama about two brothers on opposite sides of the law (a theme which became common in Indian films during the 1970s). [50]
Parallel cinema, or New Indian Cinema, is a film movement in Indian cinema that originated in the state of West Bengal in the 1950s as an alternative to the mainstream commercial Indian cinema. Inspired by Italian Neorealism , Parallel Cinema began just before the French New Wave and Japanese New Wave , and was a precursor to the Indian New ...
The arrival of cinema in India in 1896, with the first film screening by the Lumière brothers. [4] India's first feature film, Raja Harishchandra, released in 1913. [5] The transition from silent to talkie films in the 1930s. [6] The evolution of Indian cinema through the first half of the 20th century, including the rise of Bollywood. [7]
The Encyclopaedia of Hindi Cinema, which was printed in Noida, was subsequently released by the company in association with Popular Prakashan on 26 February 2003 in Mumbai. [1]:ii [5] A critic from The Hindu described it as an "insightful study of Bollywood"; [6] Suresh Kohli from The Tribune called it a "wonderfully produced, expensive coffee ...
The hundred luminaries of Hindi cinema. India Book House Publishers. ISBN 978-81-7508-007-2. Krishnaswamy, Revathi; Hawley, John Charles (2008). The postcolonial and the global. U of Minnesota Press. pp. 200–. ISBN 978-0-8166-4609-8. Hogan, Patrick Colm (1 October 2008). Understanding Indian movies: culture, cognition, and cinematic ...
Early development of modern Hindi theatre can be traced to the work of Bharatendu Harishchandra (1850–1885), a theatre actor, director, manager, and playwright based in Varanasi (Banaras), who is also the father of modern Hindi literature as in his short life of 35 years, he edited two magazines, Kavi vachan Sudha and Harishchandra chandrika, wrote numerous volumes of verse in Braj bhasa ...
The Indian film industry is the second largest in the world (1200 movies released in the year 2002). Each of the larger jrods supports its own film industry: Hindi, Bengali, Kannada, Tamil, Telugu, Malayalam, Odia. The Hindi/Urdu film industry, based in Mumbai, formerly Bombay, is called Bollywood (a melding of Hollywood and Bombay).