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Blade adaptations like these are how kelp have evolved for efficiency in structure in a turbulent ocean environment, to the point where their stability can shape entire habitats. Apart from these structural adaptations, the evolution of dispersal methods relating to structure have been important for the success of kelp as well.
In Alaskan kelp forest ecosystems, sea otters are the keystone species that mediates this trophic cascade. In Southern California, kelp forests persist without sea otters and the control of herbivorous urchins is instead mediated by a suite of predators including lobsters and large fishes, such as the California sheephead.
Seaweed cultivation in the open ocean can act as a form of carbon sequestration to mitigate climate change. [46] [47] Studies have reported that nearshore seaweed forests constitute a source of blue carbon, as seaweed detritus is carried into the middle and deep ocean thereby sequestering carbon.
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Kelp forests support a wide variety of resources that could have supported the earliest inhabitants of North and South America, including the kelp itself, sea mammals, fish and shellfish. [5] This marine highway would have also protected people travelling from the harsher wave conditions of the open sea. [ 6 ]
Membranipora membranacea colonies consist of individual organisms called zooids, each with a chitinous exoskeleton which is secreted by the epidermis. [6] This exoskeleton, hardened with calcium carbonate, is known as the zooecium, which not only serves to protect the internal structures of the organism, but also keeps the individual permanently attached to the substrate and neighboring zooids ...
Beachcast, decomposing bull-kelp is colonised and consumed by a wide variety of invertebrates including sandhoppers Bellorchestia quoyana, [30] and kelp flies Chaetocoelopa littoralis. Other seaweeds including Gelidium lingulatum , G. rex , Corallina officinalis var. chilensis , and Lessonia spicata also grow as epiphytes in the holdfasts of D ...
Among one of the most nutrient-rich sea vegetables popular in these regions is kelp, a type of seaweed. 6 Kelp Benefits That Prove Seaweed Is Seriously Underrated in the Western Diet Skip to main ...