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The earliest woodblock printing known is in colour—Chinese silk from the Han dynasty printed in three colours. [4] Colour is very common in Asian woodblock printing on paper; in China the first known example is a Diamond sutra of
Woodblock printing in Japan (木版画, mokuhanga) is a technique best known for its use in the ukiyo-e [1] artistic genre of single sheets, but it was also used for printing books in the same period. Invented in China during the Tang dynasty, woodblock printing was widely adopted in Japan during the Edo period (1603–1868).
The process of creating woodblock prints as Asian examples are known, or woodcuts as Western examples are called, has been known for many centuries, and many older prints have experienced aging and deterioration of the paper and colorants used. Print shows discoloration, tearing, creasing, and water damage.
A fragment of a dharani print in Sanskrit and Chinese, c. 650–670, Tang dynasty The Great Dharani Sutra, one of the world's oldest surviving woodblock prints, c. 704-751 The intricate frontispiece of the Diamond Sutra from Tang-dynasty China, 868 AD (British Museum), the earliest extant printed text bearing a date of printing Colophon to the Diamond Sutra dating the year of printing to 868
Plate used to print ukiyo-e. Ukiyo-e is a Japanese printmaking technique which flourished in the 17th through 19th centuries. Its artists produced woodblock prints and paintings of subjects including female beauties; kabuki actors and sumo wrestlers; scenes from history and folk tales; travel scenes and landscapes; Japanese flora and fauna; and erotica.
One popular example, The Life of the Priest Nichiren, was a woodblock print produced during the Tenna period (1611–1684), illustrating 17 events in Nichiren's life. It was likely used by religious adherents as a kind of reference work. [6]
The earliest examples were printed on cloth; paper prints followed the invention of paper c. 105 CE. Most printed images were religious Buddhist scenes, [9] and the method was also the method used for texts of all sorts. The Bois Protat is the earliest surviving example of the 14th-century arrival of woodblock printing in Europe. [10]
Nishiki-e (錦絵, "brocade picture") is a type of Japanese multi-coloured woodblock printing; the technique is used primarily in ukiyo-e. It was invented in the 1760s, and perfected and popularized by the printmaker Suzuki Harunobu , who produced many nishiki-e prints between 1765 and his death five years later.
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