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— Brahma Sutra 1.1.1–1.1.5 Some examples of sutra texts in various schools of Hindu philosophy include Brahma Sutras (or Vedanta Sutra) – a Sanskrit text, composed by Badarayana, likely sometime between 200 BCE to 200 CE. The text contains 555 sutras in four chapters that summarize the philosophical and spiritual ideas in the Upanishads. It is one of the foundational texts of the ...
Vaisheshika (IAST: Vaiśeṣika; / vaɪˈʃɛʃɪkə /; Sanskrit: वैशेषिक) is one of the six schools of Hindu philosophy from ancient India. In its early stages, the Vaiśeṣika was an independent philosophy with its own metaphysics, epistemology, logic, ethics, and soteriology. [1] Over time, the Vaiśeṣika system became ...
Guṇa. Guṇa (Sanskrit: गुण) is a concept in Hinduism, which can be translated as "quality, peculiarity, attribute, property". [1][2] The concept is originally notable as a feature of Samkhya philosophy. [3] The guṇas are now a key concept in nearly all schools of Hindu philosophy. [4] There are three guṇas (triguṇa), according to ...
Ethics, also called moral philosophy, is the study of moral phenomena. It is one of the main branches of philosophy and investigates the nature of morality and the principles that govern the moral evaluation of conduct, character traits, and institutions. It examines what obligations people have, what behavior is right and wrong, and how to ...
Hindustani distinguishes two genders (masculine and feminine), two noun types (count and non-count), two numbers (singular and plural), and three cases (nominative, oblique, and vocative). [7] Nouns may be further divided into two classes based on declension, called type-I, type-II, and type-III. The basic difference between the two categories ...
Buddhist philosophy was founded by Gautama Buddha (c. 563–483 BCE). Sikh philosophy was developed by Guru Gobind Singh (c. 1666–1708 CE). Indian philosophy consists of philosophical traditions of the Indian subcontinent. The philosophies are often called darśana meaning, "to see" or "looking at."
—Brahma sutra 1.1.1 Original Sanskrit: The text reviews and critiques most major orthodox schools of Hindu philosophy as well as all heterodox Indian philosophies such as Buddhism, with the exception of Samkhya and Yoga philosophies which it holds in high regards. It recurrently refers to them in all its four chapters, adding in sutras 2.1.3 and 4.2.21 that Yoga and Samkhya are similar. The ...
Narada says, he knows the Rig Veda, the Sama Veda, the Yajur Veda, the Atharva Veda, the epics and the history, the myths and the ancient stories, all rituals, grammar, etymology, astronomy, time keeping, mathematics, politics and ethics, warfare, principles of reasoning, divine lore, prayer lore, snake charming, ghosts lore and fine arts.