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Bowel obstruction, also known as intestinal obstruction, is a mechanical or functional obstruction of the intestines which prevents the normal movement of the products of digestion. [ 2 ][ 5 ] Either the small bowel or large bowel may be affected. [ 1 ] Signs and symptoms include abdominal pain, vomiting, bloating and not passing gas. [ 1 ]
Distal intestinal obstruction syndrome (DIOS) involves obstruction of the distal part of the small intestines by thickened intestinal content and occurs in about 20% of mainly adult individuals with cystic fibrosis. [1] DIOS was previously known as meconium ileus equivalent, a name which highlights its similarity to the intestinal obstruction ...
The neonatal bowel obstruction is suspected based on polyhydramnios in utero, bilious vomiting, failure to pass meconium in the first day of life, and abdominal distension. [3] The presentations of NBO may vary. [4] It may be subtle and easily overlooked on physical examination or can involve massive abdominal distension, respiratory distress ...
Chronic intestinal pseudo-obstruction (CIPO) is an uncommon syndrome with chronic and recurrent symptoms that suggest intestinal obstruction in the absence of any mechanical blockage of the lumen. [3] The most common symptoms of CIPO include abdominal pain, constipation, nausea, vomiting, dysphagia, and abdominal distention.
A fecal impaction or an impacted bowel is a solid, immobile bulk of feces that can develop in the rectum as a result of chronic constipation [1] (a related term is fecal loading which refers to a large volume of stool in the rectum of any consistency). [2] Fecal impaction is a common result of neurogenic bowel dysfunction and causes immense ...
A small crescent of air can be seen under the right part of the diaphragm, caused by Chilaiditi's sign. However, it could easily be mistaken for free intra-abdominal air (pneumoperitoneum) which could mistakenly be attributed to bowel perforation. Chilaiditi syndrome is a rare condition when pain occurs due to transposition of a loop of large ...
The small bowel follow-through may be characterized by delayed transit, distension near small bowel adhesions, and a "cauliflower" appearance due to peritoneal sclerosis-encapsulated bowel loop compression. Dilated loops of bowel may appear encased in a dense fibrous membrane or matted together and tethered posteriorly on ultrasonography. [48]
Intestinal ischemia is a medical condition in which injury to the large or small intestine occurs due to not enough blood supply. [2] It can come on suddenly, known as acute intestinal ischemia, or gradually, known as chronic intestinal ischemia. [1] The acute form of the disease often presents with sudden severe abdominal pain and is ...