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Structures. Swiss-model. Domains. InterPro. The green fluorescent protein (GFP) is a protein that exhibits green fluorescence when exposed to light in the blue to ultraviolet range. [ 2 ][ 3 ] The label GFP traditionally refers to the protein first isolated from the jellyfish Aequorea victoria and is sometimes called avGFP.
GCaMP is a genetically encoded calcium indicator (GECI) initially developed in 2001 by Junichi Nakai. [ 1 ] It is a synthetic fusion of green fluorescent protein (GFP), calmodulin (CaM), and M13, a peptide sequence from myosin light-chain kinase. [ 2 ] When bound to Ca 2+, GCaMP fluoresces green with a peak excitation wavelength of 480 nm and a ...
A fluorescent green protein derived from this screen was serendipitously discovered to have sensitivity to ultraviolet light-- We happened to leave one of the protein aliquots on the laboratory bench overnight. The next day, we found that the protein sample on the bench had turned red, whereas the others that were kept in a paper box remained ...
Fluorophore. A fluorophore-labeled human cell. A fluorophore (or fluorochrome, similarly to a chromophore) is a fluorescent chemical compound that can re-emit light upon light excitation. Fluorophores typically contain several combined aromatic groups, or planar or cyclic molecules with several π bonds.
Depending on their specific chemistry, molecules can photobleach after absorbing just a few photons, while more robust molecules can undergo many absorption/emission cycles before destruction: Green fluorescent protein: 10 4 –10 5 photons; 0.1–1.0 second lifetime. Typical organic dye: 10 5 –10 6 photons; 1–10 second lifetime.
Eos (protein) EosFP is a photoactivatable green to red fluorescent protein. Its green fluorescence (516 nm) switches to red (581 nm) upon UV irradiation of ~390 nm (violet/blue light) due to a photo-induced modification resulting from a break in the peptide backbone near the chromophore. [1] Eos was first discovered as a tetrameric protein in ...
Yellow fluorescent protein (YFP) is a genetic mutant of green fluorescent protein (GFP) originally derived from the jellyfish Aequorea victoria. [1] Its excitation peak is 513 nm and its emission peak is 527 nm. [2] Like the parent GFP, YFP is a useful tool in cell and molecular biology because the excitation and emission peaks of YFP are ...
Biofluorescence. Fluorescence is the emission of light by a molecule or an atom that has absorbed light or other electromagnetic radiation. In most cases, the emitted light has a longer wavelength, and therefore a lower photon energy, than the absorbed radiation. A perceptible example of fluorescence occurs when the absorbed radiation is in the ...
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