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Soil microbiology. Soil microbiology is the study of microorganisms in soil, their functions, and how they affect soil properties. [1] It is believed that between two and four billion years ago, the first ancient bacteria and microorganisms came about on Earth's oceans.
Bacillus subtilis (/ bəˈsɪl.əs subˈtiː.lis /), [3][4] known also as the hay bacillus or grass bacillus, is a gram-positive, catalase -positive bacterium, found in soil and the gastrointestinal tract of ruminants, humans and marine sponges. [5][6][7][8] As a member of the genus Bacillus, B. subtilis is rod-shaped, and can form a tough ...
Rhizobia are a "group of soil bacteria that infect the roots of legumes to form root nodules". [2] Rhizobia are found in the soil and, after infection, produce nodules in the legume where they fix nitrogen gas (N 2) from the atmosphere, turning it into a more readily useful form of nitrogen. From here, the nitrogen is exported from the nodules ...
See text. Arthrobacter (from the Greek, "jointed small stick”) is a genus of bacteria that is commonly found in soil. All species in this genus are Gram-positive obligate aerobes that are rods during exponential growth and cocci in their stationary phase. Arthrobacter have a distinctive method of cell division called "snapping division" or ...
The genus Streptomyces includes aerobic, Gram-positive, multicellular, filamentous bacteria that produce well-developed vegetative hyphae (between 0.5-2.0 μm in diameter) with branches. They form a complex substrate mycelium that aids in scavenging organic compounds from their substrates. [15] Although the mycelia and the aerial hyphae that ...
The Actinomycetota (or Actinobacteria) are a diverse phylum of Gram-positive bacteria with high GC content. [ 4 ] They can be terrestrial or aquatic. [ 5 ] They are of great importance to land flora because of their contributions to soil systems. In soil they help to decompose the organic matter of dead organisms so the molecules can be taken ...
Bacillus cereus is a Gram-positive rod-shaped bacterium commonly found in soil, food, and marine sponges. [ 1 ] The specific name, cereus, meaning "waxy" in Latin, refers to the appearance of colonies grown on blood agar. Some strains are harmful to humans and cause foodborne illness due to their spore-forming nature, while other strains can be ...
Clostridium tetani. Flügge, 1881. Clostridium tetani is a common soil bacterium and the causative agent of tetanus. Vegetative cells of Clostridium tetani are usually rod-shaped and up to 2.5 μm long, but they become enlarged and tennis racket - or drumstick-shaped when forming spores. C. tetani spores are extremely hardy and can be found ...