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It could measure the altitude of the Sun without having the navigator directly observe the Sun. Cross staff, an older instrument long out of use. Kamal Very simple instrument used primarily by Arabian navigators. It consists of a small board with a knotted piece of twine through the center.
Trellis (architecture) Trellis in the courtyard of the Wernberg monastery, Wernberg, Carinthia, Austria. A trellis (treillage) is an architectural structure, usually made from an open framework or lattice of interwoven or intersecting pieces of wood, bamboo or metal that is normally made to support and display climbing plants, especially shrubs.
In geomorphology, drainage systems, also known as river systems, are the patterns formed by the streams, rivers, and lakes in a particular drainage basin. They are governed by the topography of land, whether a particular region is dominated by hard or soft rocks, and the gradient of the land. Geomorphologists and hydrologists often view streams ...
In modern mapping, a topographic map or topographic sheet is a type of map characterized by large- scale detail and quantitative representation of relief features, usually using contour lines (connecting points of equal elevation), but historically using a variety of methods. Traditional definitions require a topographic map to show both ...
Compass. A modern military compass, with included sight device for aligning. A compass is a device that shows the cardinal directions used for navigation and geographic orientation. It commonly consists of a magnetized needle or other element, such as a compass card or compass rose, which can pivot to align itself with magnetic north.
Li. (unit) Map of the eastern South China Sea from 1588; each grid square is 400 li (about 133 km or 80 miles). Li (Chinese: 里, lǐ, or 市里, shìlǐ), also known as the Chinese mile, [citation needed] is a traditional Chinese unit of distance. The li has varied considerably over time but was usually about one third of an English mile and ...
GeoTrellis' core competency is raster data processing: enabling distributed processing of large geospatial raster data sets using the techniques of map algebra. In addition to support for raster data operations, GeoTrellis includes some support for operations using vector and point cloud data. GeoTrellis leverages Apache Spark for distributed ...
The Babylonian Map of the World (also Imago Mundi or Mappa mundi) is a Babylonian clay tablet with a schematic world map and two inscriptions written in the Akkadian language. Dated to no earlier than the 9th century BC (with a late 8th or 7th century BC date being more likely), it includes a brief and partially lost textual description.