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A new approach to airfoil design was pioneered in the 1930s, in which the airfoil shape was mathematically derived from the desired lift characteristics. Prior to this, airfoil shapes were first created and then had their characteristics measured in a wind tunnel. The 1-series airfoils are described by five digits in the following sequence:
NACA experience provided a model for World War II research, the postwar government laboratories, and NACA's successor, the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA). NACA also participated in development of the first aircraft to fly to the "edge of space", North American's X-15. NACA airfoils are still used on modern aircraft.
The Ferrari F40 sports car has "NACA style" side and hood scoops.. It is especially favored in racing car design. [4] [5] Sports cars featuring prominent NACA ducts include the Ferrari F40, the Lamborghini Countach, the 1996–2002 Dodge Viper, the 1971–1973 Ford Mustang, the 1973 Pontiac GTO, the 1979 Porsche 924 Turbo, the Maserati Biturbo, the Nissan S130, and the Porsche 911 GT2.
Created Date: 8/30/2012 4:52:52 PM
Some important parameters to describe an airfoil's shape are its camber and its thickness. For example, an airfoil of the NACA 4-digit series such as the NACA 2415 (to be read as 2 – 4 – 15) describes an airfoil with a camber of 0.02 chord located at 0.40 chord, with 0.15 chord of maximum thickness.
Drag and lift coefficients for the NACA 63 3 618 airfoil. Full curves are lift, dashed drag; red curves have R e = 3·10 6, blue 9·10 6. Coefficients of lift and drag against angle of attack. Curve showing induced drag, parasitic drag and total drag as a function of airspeed. Drag curve for the NACA 63 3 618 airfoil, colour-coded as opposite plot.
Data from Jane's All The World's Aircraft 1988-89 General characteristics Crew: 2 pilots and 1 flight attendant Capacity: 30 passengers Length: 20 m (65 ft 7 in) Wingspan: 19.78 m (64 ft 11 in) Height: 6.35 m (20 ft 10 in) Wing area: 39.4 m 2 (424 sq ft) Airfoil: root: NACA 23018 mod. ; tip: NACA 23012 Empty weight: 7,070 kg (15,587 lb) Max takeoff weight: 11,990 kg (26,433 lb) (ER) Maximum ...
Streamlines around a NACA 0012 airfoil at moderate angle of attack. A foil generates lift primarily because of its shape and angle of attack.When oriented at a suitable angle, the foil deflects the oncoming fluid, resulting in a force on the foil in the direction opposite to the deflection.