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Cuttlefish sometimes use their color patterns to signal future intent to other cuttlefish. For example, during agonistic encounters, male cuttlefish adopt a pattern called the intense zebra pattern, considered to be an honest signal. If a male is intending to attack, it adopts a "dark face" change, otherwise, it remains pale. [62]
The giant cuttlefish (Sepia apama), also known as the Australian giant cuttlefish, [3] is the world's largest cuttlefish species, growing to 50 cm (20 in) in mantle length and up to 100 cm (39 in) in total length (total length meaning the whole length of the body including outstretched tentacles). They can weigh over 10.5 kg (23 lb).
The paintpot cuttlefish (Metasepia tullbergi) is a small, poorly researched species of cuttlefish found in the Indo-Pacific, between Japan and Hong Kong. It is one of the two species classified in the genus Metasepia. Metasepia cuttlefish are characterized by their small, thick, diamond-shaped cuttlebone, and distinctive body coloration. [3]
Examination of a 9 m (30 ft) giant squid, the second largest cephalopod, that washed ashore in Norway in 1954 In zoology, deep-sea gigantism or abyssal gigantism is the tendency for species of deep-sea dwelling animals to be larger than their shallower-water relatives across a large taxonomic range.
The cuttlebone of a cuttlefish. This is the largest hard part of a cuttlefish, maintaining the rigidity of its body.. The common cuttlefish is one of the largest species of cuttlefish with a mantle length reaching up to 45 cm and a mass of 4 kg on a presumed male, although this is for an exceptional specimen in temperate waters; specimens in subtropical waters rarely surpass a mantle length of ...
A cuttlefish employing camouflage in its natural habitat. In laboratory experiments, octopuses can be readily trained to distinguish between different shapes and patterns, and one study concluded that octopuses are capable of using observational learning; [28] [29] however, this is disputed. [30] [31]
Dorsal surface of Sepia lycidas cuttlebone. Studies have shown a morphological asymmetry present in the cuttlebone curvature within the kisslip cuttlefish. [8] The cuttlebone may be more convex, or more developed, on one side than it is the other, which causes the cuttlefish to exhibit preferences towards its right or left side when hunting prey. [8]
Several subdivisions of malacology exist, including conchology, devoted to the study of mollusk shells, and teuthology, the study of cephalopods such as octopus, squid, and cuttlefish. Applied malacology studies medical, veterinary, and agricultural applications, for example the study of mollusks as vectors of schistosomiasis and other diseases.