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Chaining is a technique used in applied behavior analysis to teach complex tasks by breaking them down into discrete responses or individual behaviors that are part of a task analysis. [1] With a backward chaining procedure the learning can happen in two ways. In one approach the adult can complete all the steps for the learner and give the ...
Chaining is a type of intervention that aims to create associations between behaviors in a behavior chain. [1] A behavior chain is a sequence of behaviors that happen in a particular order where the outcome of the previous step in the chain serves as a signal to begin the next step in the chain. In terms of behavior analysis, a behavior chain ...
Cue reactivity is a type of learned response which is observed in individuals with an addiction and involves significant physiological and psychological reactions to presentations of drug-related stimuli (i.e., drug cues). [1][2] The central tenet of cue reactivity is that cues previously predicting receipt of drug reward under certain ...
The second model is the choice model of addiction, which holds that addiction is a result of voluntary actions rather than some dysfunction of the brain. Through this model, addiction is viewed as a choice and is studied through components of the brain such as reward, stress, and memory. Substance addictions relate to drugs, alcohol, and smoking.
Conditioned compensatory response (CR) is an automatic response that is opposite to the effect of alcohol or substance usage. Conditioned behavior is a key part of substance addiction. [1] This response has many implications. For instance, a drug user will be most tolerant to the drug in the presence of cues that have been associated with it ...
Contingency management. Contingency management (CM) is the application of the three-term contingency (or operant conditioning), which uses stimulus control and consequences to change behavior. CM originally derived from the science of applied behavior analysis (ABA), but it is sometimes implemented from a cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT ...
ABA is an applied science devoted to developing procedures which will produce observable changes in behavior. [3] It is to be distinguished from the experimental analysis of behavior, which focuses on basic experimental research, [9] but it uses principles developed by such research, in particular operant conditioning and classical conditioning.
Personality theories of addiction. Personality theories of addiction are psychological models that associate personality traits or modes of thinking (i.e., affective states) with an individual's proclivity for developing an addiction. Models of addiction risk that have been proposed in psychology literature include an affect dysregulation model ...