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A. xylosoxidans is a Gram-negative rod that does not form spores. It is motile, with peritrichous flagella that distinguish it from Pseudomonas species, and is oxidase-positive, catalase-positive, and citrate-positive. It is urease and indole-negative. It produces acid oxidatively from xylose, but not from lactose, maltose, mannitol, or sucrose.
Gram-negative bacteria are bacteria that, unlike gram-positive bacteria, do not retain the crystal violet stain used in the Gram staining method of bacterial differentiation. [1] Their defining characteristic is that their cell envelope consists of a thin peptidoglycan cell wall sandwiched between an inner ( cytoplasmic ) membrane and an outer ...
They are oxidase-positive, catalase-negative, urease-negative, and indole-negative, and reduce nitrate to nitrite. [ citation needed ] In 2006, Azakami et al reported that the periodontal pathogen E. corrodens has an ortholog of luxS , the gene required for quorum sensing (QS) signal molecule AI-2 synthesis and that E. corrodens can produce AI ...
Treatment of P. aeruginosa infections can be difficult due to its natural resistance to antibiotics. When more advanced antibiotic drug regimens are needed adverse effects may result. It is citrate, catalase, and oxidase positive. It is found in soil, water, skin flora, and most human-made environments throughout the world.
Acinetobacter is a genus of Gram-negative bacteria belonging to the wider class of Gammaproteobacteria. Acinetobacter species are oxidase-negative, exhibit twitching motility, [7] and occur in pairs under magnification. They are important soil organisms, where they contribute to the mineralization of, for example, aromatic compounds.
Moraxella catarrhalis is a fastidious, nonmotile, Gram-negative, aerobic, oxidase-positive diplococcus that can cause infections of the respiratory system, middle ear, eye, central nervous system, and joints of humans. It causes the infection of the host cell by sticking to the host cell using trimeric autotransporter adhesins.
Vibrio spp. are facultative anaerobes that test positive for oxidase and do not form spores. [4] [5] All members of the genus are motile. They are able to have polar or lateral flagellum with or without sheaths. [4] [6] Vibrio species typically possess two chromosomes, which is unusual for bacteria.
Narrow-spectrum antibiotics have low propensity to induce bacterial resistance and are less likely to disrupt the microbiome (normal microflora). [3] On the other hand, indiscriminate use of broad-spectrum antibiotics may not only induce the development of bacterial resistance and promote the emergency of multidrug-resistant organisms, but also cause off-target effects due to dysbiosis.