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The NAACP was founded on February 12, 1909, by a larger group including African Americans W. E. B. Du Bois, Ida B. Wells, Archibald Grimké, Mary Church Terrell, and the previously named whites Henry Moskowitz, Mary White Ovington, William English Walling (the wealthy Socialist son of a former slave-holding family), [27] [28] Florence Kelley, a ...
Walter Francis White (July 1, 1893 – March 21, 1955) was an American civil rights activist who led the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP) for a quarter of a century, from 1929 until 1955.
A totally separate organization from the NAACP, the NAACP Legal Defense and Educational Fund (LDF) was set up by Thurgood Marshall in 1940; it became fully independent of the NAACP in 1957. While NAACP is a membership organization with chapters across the country, LDF is a law firm in New York City that focuses on civil rights lawsuits.
The Greensboro sit-ins were a series of nonviolent protests in February to July 1960, primarily in the Woolworth store — now the International Civil Rights Center and Museum — in Greensboro, North Carolina, [1] which led to the F. W. Woolworth Company department store chain removing its policy of racial segregation in the Southern United States. [2]
In early September 1908, American socialist William English Walling published an article titled "The Race War in the North" in The Independent (New York). [3] He described the massive white race riot directed at Black residents in Springfield, Illinois, hometown of the late President Abraham Lincoln. The riot had resulted in seven deaths, the ...
James Andrew Felton (July 6, 1919 – October 6, 1994) was an educator, counselor, community leader, and author in northeastern North Carolina. His decades of activism exemplified black organizing during the “long civil rights movement” through efforts to ensure equal rights for African Americans, merge North Carolina’s segregated teacher associations, improve housing conditions in the ...
First intercollegiate Greek-letter fraternity founded by African-Americans at a historically black college: Omega Psi Phi (ΩΨΦ), at Howard University First African-American police officer in New York City: Samuel J. Battle , following the 1898 incorporation of the five boroughs into the City of New York, and the hiring of three African ...
The NAACP played an important role in the awakening of the Negro Renaissance which was the cultural component of the New Negro Movement. The NAACP officials W.E.B. Du Bois, James Weldon Johnson, Walter White, and Jessie Redmon Fauset provided financial support, aesthetic guidance, and literature to this cultural awakening. [28]