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This is a list of the Chinese era names used by the various dynasties and regimes in the history of China, sorted by monarch. The English renditions of the era names in this list are based on the Hanyu Pinyin system. However, some academic works utilize the Wade–Giles romanization.
Chinese era names were titles adopted for the purpose of identifying and numbering years in Imperial China. Era names originated as mottos or slogans chosen by the reigning monarch and usually reflected the political, economic and/or social landscapes at the time.
141–87 BCE) onwards, [c] emperors also adopted one or several era names (年號; Niánhào), or "reign mottos", [17] to divide their rule by important events or accomplishments. [18] Ming (1368–1644) and Qing (1644–1912) rulers are referred to solely by their era names, of which they only had one. [19]
The formal name of Chinese dynasties was usually derived from one of the following sources: The name of the ruling tribe or tribal confederation [108] [109] e.g., the Western Xia dynasty took its name from its ruling class, the Xia tribal confederation [108] The noble title held by the dynastic founder prior to the founding of the dynasty [108 ...
The Ming dynasty was the last unified dynasty founded by the Han ethnic group in Chinese history, lasting for 276 years. [1] The dynasty continued the tradition of using the emperor's era name, which began with Emperor Wu of Han, to record the year.
This page was last edited on 27 February 2020, at 06:28 (UTC).; Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 License; additional terms may apply.
A new era name became effective on the first day of the Chinese New Year after that emperor's accession, which fell between 21 January and 20 February (inclusively) of the Gregorian calendar. [27] Even if an emperor died in the middle of the year, his era name was used for the rest of that year before the next era officially began. [28]
Homininaeid Era – Period prior to the existence of Homininae Homininid Era – Period prior to the existence of Hominini Prehistory – Period between the appearance of Homo ("humans"; first stone tools c. three million years ago) and the invention of writing systems (for the Ancient Near East : c. five thousand years ago).
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