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Moniliophthora perniciosa (previously Crinipellis perniciosa) [1] is a fungus that causes "witches' broom disease" (WBD) of the cocoa tree T. cacao. [2] This pathogen is currently limited to South America, Panama and the Caribbean, and is perhaps one of the best-known cocoa diseases, thought to have co-evolved with cocoa in its centre of origin (first recorded in the Brazilian Amazon in 1785).
Spruce broom rust or yellow witches' broom rust is a fungal plant disease caused by the basidiomycete fungus known as Chrysomyxa arctostaphyli.It occurs exclusively in North America, with the most concentrated outbreaks occurring in northern Arizona and southern Colorado on blue and Engelmann spruce, as well as in Alaska on black and white spruce. [2]
This disease is often diagnosed by the presence of a distinct symptom known as witches broom. [13] Witches broom occurs when there is an overgrowth of the branches of the host, resulting in a clumps of branches that resemble the head of a broom. This usually occurs near the soil line but can occur higher up in the tree as well.
Witch's broom in Yamaska National Park, QC. Witch's broom or witches' broom is a deformity in a woody plant, typically a tree, where the natural structure of the plant is changed. A dense mass of shoots grows from a single point, with the resulting structure resembling a broom or a bird's nest. It is sometimes caused by pathogens.
Hedysarum boreale is a species of flowering plant in the Fabaceae, or legume family, and is known by the common names Utah sweetvetch, [3] boreal sweet-vetch, [4] northern sweetvetch, [5] and plains sweet-broom. [6] It is native to North America, where it is widespread in northern and western regions of Canada and the United States.
SAP11 was later found to induce changes in leaf shapes of plants and stem proliferations which resembled the witches' broom symptoms of AY-WB-infected plants. [18] In addition, it was demonstrated that SAP11 interacts with and destabilizes plant class II TCP protein domain transcription factors that lead to shoot proliferation and leaf shape ...
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Cystotheca lanestris, the live oak witch's broom fungus, is a species of mildew that infects buds and induces stem galls called witch's brooms on oak trees in California, Arizona, and Mexico in North America. [2] [3] Witch's brooms are "abnormal clusters of shoots that are thickened, elongated, and highly branched."