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Foal immunodeficiency syndrome (FIS), originally known as Fell pony syndrome, mainly affects two breeds of ponies: the Fell and Dales. FIS is a recessive genetic disease . Affected foals appear normal at birth, but become weak, and either die or must be euthanized by three months of age due to persistent infections caused by immunodeficiency.
A foal at about weaning age. A foal is an equine up to one year old; this term is used mainly for horses, but can be used for donkeys. More specific terms are colt for a male foal and filly for a female foal, and are used until the horse is three or four. When the foal is nursing from its dam (mother), it may also be called a "suckling".
foal A foal 1. A young horse of either sex under the age of one year. [1]: 82 Derives from the Anglo-Saxon word fola. [8]: 193 May be qualified by sex: colt foal, filly foal. 2. Foaling: the act of a mare giving birth. [1]: 82 foaling box (UK), foaling stall (US) A large loose box providing space and privacy for a mare about to foal.
The cause of wry nose in horses is unknown; it may have a genetic cause, or be due to malpositioning in the uterus. [1] A wry nose may cause difficulty during foaling (dystocia). [3] A foal with wry nose may have poor alignment (malocclusion) of the teeth, [2] although foals can usually still nurse and in most cases are bright and active. [4]
Both parents must be carriers of one copy of the LWS allele for an affected foal to be born. Horses that are heterozygous for the gene that causes lethal white syndrome often exhibit a spotted coat color pattern commonly known as "frame" or "frame overo". Coat color alone does not always indicate the presence of LWS or carrier status, however.
The problem with ramps is that they prevent the horse from freely chewing side-to-side. This causes improper and over wear of the molars. It will also, along with an underbite, cause severe discomfort when a bit is placed in the horses mouth. To solve the problem, the dominant tooth must be reduced to allow the opposing one to recover. [2]
The problems with racing did not just crop up. The decline has been going on for quite some time. Sal Sinatra, 60, has been around horses since he was 12 years old.
The risk of foaling problems is increased if the stallion's size is much larger than the mare's, or if the latter is too young (bred in her second year to foal at three, for example). The existence of muscular problems in meat horses has long been known. [35] Meat horse breeds are particularly affected by polysaccharide storage myopathy.