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A Certificate of Degree of Indian Blood or Certificate of Degree of Alaska Native Blood (both abbreviated CDIB) is an official U.S. document that certifies an individual possesses a specific fraction of Native American ancestry of a federally recognized Indian tribe, band, nation, pueblo, village, or community. [1]
Census rolls refer to tribal rolls recording the general population of American Indian and Alaska Native tribes and bands. Between 1885 and 1940, the Bureau of Indian Affairs created annual census rolls of citizens of federally recognized tribes. These rolls are known as "Indian Census Rolls". [1]
Schematic illustration of maternal (mtDNA) gene-flow in and out of Beringia, from 25,000 years ago to present. The genetic history of the Indigenous peoples of the Americas is divided into two distinct periods: the initial peopling of the Americas from about 20,000 to 14,000 years ago (20–14 kya), [1] and European contact, after about 500 years ago.
In order to become a federally recognized, tribes must meet certain requirements. The Bureau of Indian affairs defines a federally recognized tribe as an American Indian or Alaska Native tribal entity that is recognized having a government-to-government relationship with the United States, with the responsibilities, powers, limitations, and obligations attached to that designation, and is ...
The form must list the applicant's ancestors as well as their dates of birth and death. Applicants must also submit a DNA test to prove a biological connection to a recent ancestor, such as a parent or a grandparent, who was an enrolled citizen.
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However, because Indigenous identity is not a racial construct and only the tribe in question has the authority to determine who is or is not a member, such ancestry is akin to the one-drop rule and thus even documented distant ancestry does not make the descendent in question an "Indian." Similarly, the concept of a tribal "descendent" or ...
When it comes to recommendation letters, John Nash comes out on top. The mathematician and Nobel Prize winner and his wife died in a tragic car accident last month and as a tribute, Princeton ...